Changing Places Flashcards
3 aspects of place
location - where it is, coordinates
locale - the place where something happens, has particular events associated with it
sense of place - emotional meanings attached to a place
place = location + meaning
what is sense of place?
emotional meanings attached to a place
concept of place
location
physical characteristics
human characteristics
flows
sense of place
locale
what is an insider?
someone who is familiar with a place and feels welcome
- they feel they belong there
what is an outsider?
someone who feels unwelcome or excluded from a place
- they don’t feel they belong there
factors that make people feel like insiders or outsiders
age
gender
religion
what is an experienced place?
places people have spent time in
- sense of place shaped by experiences of visiting or living there
what is a media place?
places people haven’t been to
- sense of place shaped through the media
Maya Bay
The Beach, film
how is globalisation affecting near and far places?
near places - geographically near, feel like an insider (although not always)
far places - geographically far, often feel like an outsider
but far places are feeling nearer:
improvements in travel - far places are easier and quicker to get to
improvements in technology - people can be more familiar with far places and media places
internet - people can feel connected with far places and people
what are endogenous factors?
internal factors which shape a places character, can be physical or human
eg. location, topography, land use, demographic characteristics
what are exogenous factors?
external factors which shape a places character, includes relationship to other places and flows in and out of a place
eg. flows of people, resources, money and ideas
endogenous factors that influence the character of a place
location - where the place is
- character can be affected by features of a place, for example the coast
physical geography
eg topography - shape of the landscape
- character can be affected by mountains, or it can affect the land use
- character affected by landscape, or it can affect economic characteristics such a money from natural resources
land use - human activities on the land
- directly affects character, rural for farming or urban, can also affect infrastructure
changes over time, deindustrialisation
infrastructure - aspects of the place built by humans
- affects character through high density buildings in urban places and low density in rural
- transport connections such as railways
demographic and economic characteristics
- who lives in a place, eg age
- sector of work (eg tertiary)
Exogenous factors that affect a places character
flows of people, resources, money and ideas
eg
- flows of investment - eg Nissan in Sunderland, affects land use and jobs
How globalisation is affecting character of a place
- more interconnected
- more transport
- easier communication
- more flows of money, people, ideas and resources
3 external forces
Government policies
International institutions
Decisions of TNCs
How have government policies affected Brick Lane?
After WW2, government encouraged immigration from commonwealth countries
- 41% Bangladeshi
- called Banglatown
- many curry houses
How have government policies affected Harrogate?
Affordable housing policies - at least 10%
- younger, lower class people move in
Limited impact - housing still expensive
Above national average at £446,000
How have international institutions affected Harrogate?
EU laws on free movement of labour - control migration
- increase in Eastern Europeans
- Sowa Polish shop
How have decisions of TNCs affected Brick Lane?
TNCs started to locate there - Pret A Manger
- sign of gentrification
- loss of culture
How have decisions of TNCs affected Harrogate?
Many TNCs located in Harrogate - H&M
- loss of independent stores
- leads to clone town and placelessness
Past connections in Harrogate
Spa water
- attracted wealthy people as treatment
- created many Georgian buildings in the town
Railway
- increased connections with rest of UK
- allowed tourism, boost economy
Present connections in Harrogate
Chain stores
- eg Pizza Express
- loss of independent stores - clone town
Tourism
- over 4 million in 2021
- spend money, boost economy
Cycling events
- Tour de France and UCI
- more outdoor activities cafes and shops
- attracts tourism, boost economy
Demographic characteristics of Brick Lane
in 2011 census
Population 12,578
- 41% Bangladeshi origin
- 41.5% Muslim
2021
- 47% Bangladeshi
- 40% Muslim
39% aged 20-39 (jobs available)
75% rent
47% born outside UK
Demographic characteristics of Harrogate
2021
White British population - higher than average - 96.1%
1.1 - 1.6% mixed
2011 to 2021
Ageing population
2011 - 2021
+ 23% aged 65+
Mean age from 43 to 47
75% own
10% born outside UK
cultural characteristics of Brick Lane
curry houses
Jamme Masjid Mosque (and changes)
Peak in 2008 - 760 outlets selling international food such as Bangladeshi and Indian
cultural characteristics of Harrogate
changing due to migration - more polish people
Sowa
deprivation in Brick Lane
2015 - 20% most deprived neighbourhoods in England
39% children in poverty (above average)
deprivation in harrogate
Rossett Ward 10% least deprived
but nearby Woodfield in 20% most deprived
locale of Brick Lane
curry houses
diverse culture - church, chapel, Jewish synagogue and Jamme Masjid mosque
vibrant art and fashion scene
- Old Truman Brewery, derelict to leisure and event spaces
locale of Harrogate
spa water - attracted wealthy residents
cycling events - tour de france, attracted tourists and money
2013 happiest place to live
Demographic changes in Brick Lane
17th century influx of French Protestants
Increased Bangladeshi
Increased Muslims - Jamme Masjid Mosque, converted from synagogue
More recently gentrification - younger, white people
