global commons - overview Flashcards
what is a global common?
an area that is not owned by an individual, country or organisation
area where resources can be shared
what can be shared in a global common?
resources
how many global commons are there?
4
what are the global commons and what are they recognised by?
the atmosphere antarctica high seas open space international law
what pressures affect GC?
- tragedy of the commons
- industrialisation
- advances in technology
what does the term tragedy of the commons mean?
concept in which a shared common space is likely to be overexploited as countries may feel there is no consequences
why might countries feel they can exploit a shared space?
as it is everyones the consequences may then be shared
how is industrialisation and development a pressure?
an increased demand for resources out of these areas
how is advances in technology a pressure?
made access to the areas much easier meaning they are more vulnerable to exploitation
how can pressures be reduced?
by international laws and treaties
what controls the high seas?
the united nation convention of the law of the sea
what controls open space?
1979 moon treaty
governs exploration and exploitation
what controls antarctica?
madrid protocol 1991
Antarctica treaty 1959
what controls the atmosphere?
the kyoto protocol
how are global commons protected?
- cooperation of countries
- laws and set rules of global governance
- ngo
