Global Climate Unit?

Question 1

• Is the object or group of objects that are being studied within a boundary.
• The surroundings are everything other than the system.

Answer 1

System

Question 2

Allows energy and matter to be exchanged (ex. forest).

Answer 2

Open system

Question 3

Allows only energy but no matter to be exchanged (ex. Earth).

Answer 3

Closed system

Question 4

Neither matter nor energy can be exchanged (ex. The universe).

Answer 4

Isolated system

Question 5

-Composed of all living things on Earth and physical environment that supports them.

Answer 5

Biosphere

Question 6

The biosphere is made up of three interacting components:

Answer 6

• Atmosphere
• Lithosphere
• Hydrosphere

Question 7

Layer of gases that surround earth.

Answer 7

Atmosphere

Question 8

Solid portion of earth, composed of rocks, minerals, and elements.

Answer 8

Lithosphere

Question 9

All the water on earth.

Answer 9

Hydrosphere

Question 10

Composed of a mixture of different gases that is commonly referred to as “air”.
78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% Other gases
- Also contains varying amounts of suspended particle matter called atmospheric dust.
- These particles may include non-living particles like door, or living particles, like pollen.

Answer 10

Atmosphere

Question 11

• It is the solid portion of earth
• Home to many micro-organisms, plants, animals, and humans.
• It i’d warmed by incoming energy from the sun.

Answer 11

Lithosphere

Question 12

• Accounts for all water on earth
• Amount of water on earth always remains the same
• It is warmed by incoming energy from the sun

Answer 12

Hydrosphere

Question 13

• All the energy on earth initially comes from the sun known as solar energy
• A small amount of those incoming solar energy is converted to food energy through photosynthesis
• Most of the incoming solar energy is converted to Thermal Energy
• Thermal Energy = Heat Energy

Answer 13

The Sun

Question 14

Earth maintains en energy balance and a temperature balance by radiating as much energy into space as it absorbs from the sun.

Answer 14

Earth’s Radiation Budget

Question 15

The amount of solar energy absorbed differs in different _____ on earth.

Answer 15

Places

Question 16

Warming of the Earth is influenced by..

Answer 16

• The tilt of earth’s axis relative to the sun.
• Earth’s revolution around the sun.
• The shape of the Earth

Question 17

The tilt of the Earth’s axis.

Answer 17

Angle of Inclination

Question 18

The Earth’s tilted axis determines..

Answer 18

The length of day and night throughout the year at different latitudes.

Question 19

At the __________, day and night are each 12 hours long throughout the year.

Answer 19

Equator

Question 20

Higher latitudes have _________ summer days and ________ winter days.

Answer 20

longer, shorter

Question 21

Lower latitudes have _________ summer days and ________ winter nights.

Answer 21

shorter, longer

Question 22

The very high latitudes have the _________ summer days and ________ winter days.

Answer 22

longest, shortest

Question 23

Northern Hemisphere summer: Earth is tilted ______ the sun.

Answer 23

towards

Question 24

Northern Hemisphere winter: Earth is tilted ______ the sun.

Answer 24

away

Question 25

Seasons have unequal numbers of days because..

Answer 25

of Earth's elliptical (oval) shape.

Question 26

Summer is longer than winter in the ___________ Hemisphere.

Answer 26

Northern

Question 27

Winter is longer than summer in the ___________ Hemisphere.

Answer 27

Southern

Question 28

Sun rays are spread out over a greater distance in the northern and southern hemisphere but ______ solar energy is absorbed.

Answer 28

less

Question 29

The amount of solar energy received by a region of Earth's surface.

Answer 29

Insolation

Question 30

Insolation depends on..

Answer 30

- Latitude - Characteristics of the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.

Question 31

The shape of the Earth affects ________ of heat.

Answer 31

Insolation

Question 32

The angle between a ray of light falling on surface of the earth and the line of perpendicular to that surface

Answer 32

Angle of Incidence

Question 33

Major geographical region with similar environmental conditions and life forms.

Answer 33

Biomes

Question 34

Sort 'Biomes, Biosphere, Ecosystem, and Habitat from smallest to largest.

Answer 34

Habitat, Ecosystem, Biome, Biosphere.

Question 35

Biome = Open system because..

Answer 35

- Forever receives energy from the sun. - Matter and some organisms can pass freely back and forth across its boundary.

Question 36

(Biome) - Found in south of the ice-covered polar seas and is circumpolar in the northern hemisphere. - Flat land, frozen soil, marshy in the summer. - Long winters, short summers. - Grasses are dominant and are resistant to dry cold climates.

Answer 36

Tundra

Question 37

The quantity of water that condenses and falls in the form of rain, snow, sheet, and hail.

Answer 37

Precipitation

Question 38

A measurement of water vapour in the air.

Answer 38

Humidity

Question 39

(Biome) - Found across Canada, northern Europe, and Asia. - Coniferous Forest - Winters are long and cold

Answer 39

Taiga

Question 40

(Biome) - Found in both northern hemisphere and in the south hemisphere at latitudes below 50 north or south. - Temperatures range from below freezing in winter to 30C or more during the warmest days of summer.

Answer 40

Temperate Deciduous Forest

Question 41

The horizontal lines on Earth

Answer 41

Latitude

Question 42

(Biome) - Found in almost every continent. - Has a prolonged dry season when little or no rain falls. - The soil is rich and fertile - Grasses are the main producers.

Answer 42

Grassland

Question 43

(Biome) - Located between 15 and 35 latitude in both the northern and southern hemisphere. - The driest biome on Earth - Supports limited plant life.

Answer 43

Desert

Question 44

(Biome) - In regions along the equator, vast areas of land are covered with lush, green plant growth. - Rain falls nearly every day - The temperatures vary little from month to month.

Answer 44

Tropical Rain Forest

Question 45

After the land and water absorbs solar energy mechanisms of heat transfer can occur:

Answer 45

1. Convection 2. Conduction 3. Radiation

Question 46

- Energetic molecules from the land and water collide with molecules in the air (close to the surface) and transfer energy from Earth's surface to the air.

Answer 46

Conduction

Question 47

- As air circulates, it distributes heat. - Warm air rises (less dense), cooler air (more dense) descends and takes its place close to the ground.

Answer 47

Convection

Question 48

- Water vapour, CO2, and other greenhouse gases absorb longer wavelengths (infrared radiation) emitted by the Earth.

Answer 48

Radiation

Question 49

The tilt and the curvature of the Earth affects the balance of..

Answer 49

Global heat.