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Science 10 > biology quiz 3 > Flashcards

biology quiz 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Organisms respond to environmental factors called _______

A

stimuli

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2
Q

Plants have control systems called _______ which allow them to respond to changes in the environment.

A

Tropism

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3
Q

Tropism is the ______ mechanism a plant has in response to an external stimuli.

A

growth

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4
Q

plants can respond to stimuli by:

  • stoma _____ and ______
  • branches grow
  • leaves drop off
  • flowers bloom
A

stoma open and closes

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5
Q

What is phototropism?

A

the growth of a plant towards the light

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6
Q

how does phototropism help plants?

A

helps plant maximize the amount of light they absorb through leaves.

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7
Q

more photosynthesis = …

A

fuels further plant growth.

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8
Q

which part of the plant shows positive/negative phototropism (grow towards/away the light)

A

Leaves and stems show positive phototropism (towards) and roots show negative phototropism (away).

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9
Q

What is the effect of auxin?

A

Auxin causes cells on the shades side of the stem to grow longer than the cells on the lighted side.

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10
Q

What is gravitropism?

A

A plant’s growth response to the force of gravity.

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11
Q

which part of the plant shows positive/negative gravitropism (grow downwards/upwards)

A

Roots show positive gravitropism (grow downwards) and stems show negative gravitropism (grow upwards).

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12
Q

What are nastic movements?

A

Reaction to touch (ex. venus fly traps)

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13
Q

What are xylem and phloem vessels?

A

a system of vessels that transport water, minerals, and sugar throughout the plant.

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14
Q

Where are xylem and phloem vessels found?

A

theyre found in leaves, roots, and stems.

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15
Q

Xylem vessels transport what from the soil to the leaves?

A

water and dissolved minerals

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16
Q

Xylem vessels are
made up of _____ cells.
form hollow tubes consisting of only cell walls.
linked end to end, forming long continuous tubes.

A

dead

17
Q

Water transported by xylem vessels is used for _______ and prevents wilting

A

photosynthesis

18
Q

Phloem vessels transport ______ produced during photosynthesis.

A

sugars

19
Q

Phloem vessels are made up of ________ joined end to end.

A

living cells

20
Q

The cell walls in phloem vessels are ________ (contain tiny holes) allowing them to exchange materials with neighbouring cells.

A

porous

21
Q

Sugary sap flows ____ the phloem vessels by passing through pores

A

down

22
Q

Water and minerals enter a plant from the…

A

roots

23
Q

At the core if the roots are the ______ and _____, surrounded by other cells.

A

xylem and phloem

24
Q

most water uptake happens at the tip of the root by..

A

osmosis

25
Q

Roots contain _______ which increase the surface area of roots to maximize water and mineral absorption from surrounding soil.

A

root hairs

26
Q

minerals enter the roots by…

A

active transport (uses energy)

27
Q

what is cohesion?

A

the tendency of water molecules to stick to other water molecules.

28
Q

Cohesion transmits the ___________ from the tip of the leaves all the way to the roots

A

upwards pull

29
Q

What is adhesion?

A

the tendency of water molecules to stick to other surfaces

30
Q

Water is ______ to the wall of the xylem vessel. The clinging of xylem sap to the xylem walls helps to prevent the sap from falling back down to the roots

A

attracted to the wall

31
Q

Water can move upward against gravity over a long distance by 2 main mechanisms: ..

A

pushing and pulling

32
Q

The pushing force that pushes fluid upward is turgor pressure also called..

A

root pressure

33
Q

adhesion/cohesion of the xylem sap to the xylem vessels walls helps the fluid climb upwards

A

adhesion

34
Q

The pulling force is called..

A

transpiration

35
Q

Transpiration
As water vapour exits the leaf by evaporation , COHESIVE forces between water molecules cause more water to be pulled UP the xylem vessels in the leaf, _________ the water that has been evaporated.

A

replacing

36
Q

Transpiration
More water travels along the xylem vessels towards the _____ from the _____

A

leaf from the roots

Science 10 (5 decks)

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