Glaucoma pt. 2 Flashcards
Open vs close angle glaucoma
Open-angle: obstructed drainage canal
Closed-angle: pressure pushes iris against cornea
OA Glaucoma risk factors
Age/race
Corea thickness
Steroid use
HTN
Diabetes or sickle cell
OA Glaucoma symptoms
No symptoms in early stages
Patchy blind spots
Difficulty in central vision
OA Glaucoma diagnosis
Measure IO pressure
Vision loss assessment
Test for optic nerve damage
Measure cornea thickness
Inspect drainage canal
Open-angle tx
Beta blockers and carbonic anhydrase (incr outflow)
Prostaglandin analogs, cholinergics, rho kinase inhibitors (decr production)
Alpha-2 agonists (both MOA)
Prostaglandin analogs
MOA: incr outflow
SEs: eyelash increase, darkening area
AEs: blurred vision, stinging, light sensitivity
Prostaglandin drugs
Latanoprost
Bimatoprost
Travoprost
Tafluprost
Beta blockers
MOA: decr production
Contra: sinus bradycardia, heart related conditions
AEs: blurred vision, stinging, bradycardia, breathing problems
Beta blocker drugs
Betaxolol
Timolol
Carteolol
Levobunolol
Alpha-2 agonists
MOA: incr outflow and decr production
Warning: CNS depression
AEs: blurred vision, dry eyes, xerostomia, sedation/confusion
Alpha-2 agonist drugs
Aprachlonidine
Brimonidine + Timolol + Brinzolamide
Brimonidine
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
MOA: decr production
Warning: sulfonamide allergy
AEs: blurred vision, taste disturbances, confusion, photosensitivity
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drugs
Dorzolamide + Timolol
Brinzolamide + Brimonidine
Acetazolamide
Methazolamide
Rho kinase inhibitors
MOA: incr outflow
AEs: burning, corneal disease, hemorrhage and hyperemia
Rho kinase inhibitor drugs
Netarsudil + Latanprost
Cholinergics
MOA: incr outflow
Warnings: hx of retinal detachment or corneal abrasion
AEs: corneal clouding, pupil constriction, hypotension, cramps
Cholinergic drugs
Carbachol
Pilocarpine
Turquoise cap
Prostaglandin analogs
Purple cap
Alpha adrenergic agonists
Orange cap
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Red cap
Mydriatics and cycloplegics (dilating eye drops)
Tan ap
Antibiotics
Dark blue cap
Beta blocker combinations
Yellow cap
Beta blockers
White cap
Topical anesthetics AND otc products
CA glaucoma symptoms
Severe HA or blurred vision
Severe pain or halos
N/V or redness
Cloudy corneas
Closed-angle tx
Hyperosmotic agents (mannitol, glycerin)
Iridotomy surgery
Medications incr IO pressure
Anticholinergics
Topiramate
Chronic steroids
Decongestants
Antidepressants