Antihyperlipidemics Flashcards
First statin approved
1987
Cholesterol function
Component of cell membranes
Precursor to sterols and steroids
Triglyceride function
Storage form of fuel
Component of structural lipids
Lipoprotein classed by
Density
Composition
Electrophoretic mobility
Major classes of lipoproteins
Chylomicrons
VLDL
IDL
LDL
HDL
Chylomicron function
Transport dietary lipids from gut to liver and tissue
VLDL
Secreted by liver into blood
Source of TGs
IDL
VLDLs without TGs
LDL
Main cholesterol form in blood
HDL
Secreted by liver
Acquire cholesterol from peripheral tissue
ApoA-I
Prod in liver and intestine
Structural in HDL
Mediates reverse cholesterol transport
ApoB-100
Produced in liver
Structural in VLDL, IDL, LDL
ApoB-48
Produced in intestine
Structural in chylomicrons
ApoE
Produced in liver and other tissues
Reverse cholesterol transport with HDL
ApoCII
Found in chylomicrons
Binds lipoprotein lipase to enhane TG hydrolysis
LPL (lipoprotein lipase)
In capillaries of fat, cardiac and skeletal muscle
HL (hepatic lipase)
Produced in liver
Key in converting IDL to LDL
LCAT (lethicin-cholesterol acyltransferase)
On LDL and HDL
CETP (cholesterol ester transfer protein)
In blood
Cholesterol formation
Takes place in liver
De novo from acetyl-CoA
Hyperlipoproteinemia
Atherosclerosis (accumulation of cholesterol in vasc smooth musc)
Premature CAD
Neurologic disease - stroke
Hypertriglyceridemia
Pancreatitis
Xanthomas
Incr ridk of CHD
Cholesterol levels and CHD
10% decr in cholesterol levels -> ~10-30% decr incidence of CHD
Drugs mainly for high cholesterol
Bile acid binding resins
Cholesterol abs inhibitors
Cholesterol synth inhibitors
PCSK9 inhibitors
MTTP inhibitors
Drugs mainly for high TGs
Fibrates
Niacin
Omega 3 fatty acids
