glandular fever Flashcards
define glandular fever
Also known as Infectious Mononucleosis.
It is a result of being infected by EBV and typically transmitted through saliva.
what causes glandular fever
being infected by Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)
how is glandular fever spread
saliva or bodily fluids
pathophysiology of glandular fever
- EBV infects epithelial cells of the
oropharynx and B Lymphocytes. - The infected cells proliferate and cause lymphadenopathy.
- The immune system fights against the virus leading to throat inflammation.
- The liver and spleen can be targeted by EBV leading to hepatomegaly and
splenomegaly.
which conditions is glandular fever associated with
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, Burkitt’s
Lymphoma and Nasopharyngeal
carcinoma.
symptoms and signs of glandular fever
- Sore Throat
- Hepatomegaly
- Splenomegaly
- Fatigue
- Lymphadenopathy
what age group is most commonly affected by glandular fever
15-24 years olds are
commonly affected.
2 investugations for glandular fever
it is a clinical diagnosis
- blood film
- paul bunnel test
what does blood film for glandular fever show
Atypical Lymphocytes
what does the paul bunnel test test for
Tests for heterophile antibodies
is glandular fever long lasting
no
Usually self-limiting and lasts for
2-4 weeks
3 treatment options for glandular fever
- supportive therapy
- avoid contact sports and alcohol
- emergency surgery
what does supportive therapy for glandular fever consist of
Fluids +
Analgesia.
what does avoiding contact sports and alcohol do for glandular fever
Prevents splenic rupture and the
liver cannot process alcohol
properly.
when is emegency surgery used for glandular fever
in the case
of splenic rupture.
