Glands and Hormones Flashcards
Pineal Gland
-Located in the brain, releases melatonin important for regulating the sleep wake cycle
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine TRIIODOTHYRONINE -Facilitates a normal metabolism, regulates growth and maturation
Adrenal Cortex
Releases mineralcorticoids like aldodesterone which reduces secretion of salts by the kidneys regulating normal blood pressure and volume
Also releases GLUCOCORTICOIDS like cortisol which increase the metabolism of proteins and fats and stimulate the liver to increase blood sugar
GLUCOCORTICOIDS
-Cortisol, released by the adrenal cortex, metabolises proteins and increases blood sugar
MINERALCORTICOIDS
ALDOSTERONE-Regulates normal blood pressure and volume by reducing the secretion of salts by the kidneys-released by the adrenal cortex
Adrenal Medulla
-Releases adrenaline and noadrenaline to increase activity in the nervous system to produce a fight or flight response to protect the body from external threats
Thymus Gland
Releases Thymosin which facilitates immune responses and regulates the lymhoid system
Parathyroid Gland
-Releases parathyroid hormone which regulates calcium levels in the blood to maintain healthy nerves and bones.
Pancreas
Produces insulin-Reduces blood sugar
And Glucagon-releases stored glucose for energy
Ovaries
Release oestrogen-Important for female sexual development
-Releases progesterone to prepare the body for pregnancy
Testes
Release androgens-male sex hormones like tesosterone important for normal sexual development in men.
ALDOSTERONE
-Regulates normal kidney function and is released by the adrenal cortex
Thymosin
Immune system regulation
Parathyroid
Regulates calcium levels
