Glaciation SG2a Flashcards
What are organic acids?
Animal and plant litter decompose producing an acid which attach to the minerals within the rock
What does pressure release mean?
Weight of ice is removed as it melts, meaning the rock below expands upwards and cracks open up?
What is carbonation?
Rain mixes with CO2 and produces a weak acid which attaches to carbonate rocks
How do tree roots cause weathering?
Vegetation grows within a crack in a rock and exerts pressure
What is frost shattering?
Water in the pore spaces in the rock freezes and expands
What is freeze thaw weathering?
Water enters a crack and expands in volume (9-10%) when it freezes at and night this has to happen multiple times for the rock to crack
What type of erosion will smooth and polish the bedrock below?
Abrasion
What type of erosion will leave a jagged landscape?
plucking
When large rocks are present a the base of a glacier they can scratch the bedrock below as the glacier moves - what are the scratches called?
Striations
What is the fine material that can polish hard bedrock below the glacier?
Rock Flour
What do you call debris transported at the base, surface and within the glacier?
Base - Subglacial debris
Surface - Supraglacial debris
Within - Englacial debris
State the main methods of erosion in glacial landscapes?
Plucking
Abrasion
State the methods of weathering in glaciated landscapes?
Freeze thaw Tree roots Organic Acids Frost shattering Carbonation
What are the main methods of mass movement in glaciated landscapes?
Slides
Slumps
Rockfalls
