Glacial to Postglacial 174-179

Question 1

When did the Pleistocene end

Answer 1

Around 9600 BCE

Question 2

What were the two components of the global transformation that followed the end of the Pleistocene?

Answer 2

1. Environmental change, notably the warming of the global climate
2. The human response to new opportunities provided by the warmer climate

Question 3

What is the Holocene

Answer 3

The current interglacial

Question 4

When did the Holocene begin

Answer 4

9600

Question 5

How did Lewis Henry Morgan and Edward Tylor describe the development of human society?

Answer 5

As moving from Paleolithic “savagery” to the “barbarism” of early farming societies, finally culminating in the “civilization” of Mesopotamia or Egypt

Question 6

Bølling/Allerød interstadial

Answer 6

Summer temperatures reached almost present levels

Question 7

When was the Bølling/Allerød interstadial?

Answer 7

13,000 BCE

Question 8

After the Bølling/Allerød interstadial, summer temperatures had reached almost their present levels, but deglaciation then went into dramatic reverse, introducing the …

Answer 8

Younger Dryas phase

Question 9

After the Bølling/Allerød interstadial came?

Answer 9

The Younger Dryas phase

Question 10

When was the Younger Dryas phase?

Answer 10

10,800-9600 BCE

Question 11

What was probably responsible for the shift from the Bølling/Allerød interstadia to the Younger Dryas phase?

Answer 11

The melting of the northern ice sheets -> release of large quantities of cold meltwater into North Atlantic weakened/stopped Gulf Stream

Question 12

What species died out at the end of the Ice Age?

Answer 12

Mammoth, woolly rhino, giant elk, saber-tooth cat

Question 13

Isostatic uplift

Answer 13

The removal of the weight of ice causing land areas to rebound

Question 14

The removal of the weight of ice causing land areas to rebound

Answer 14

Isostatic uplift

Question 15

Why can, in most regions, the history of human coastal exploitation only be traced back to the middle/late Holocene, some 5,000 years ago?

Answer 15

Before, the rising sea level drowned out coast areas

Question 16

In most regions the history of human coastal exploitation can be traced back only to the middle/late Holocene, some 5,000 years ago.
What regions are the exception to this?

Answer 16

Regions where isostatic uplift has preserved early shorelines.

Question 17

One notable effect of early … sea-level rise was the creation of islands

Answer 17

Holocene

Question 18

East Asia and North America became divided by the flooding of the … around 8500 BCE

Answer 18

Bering Strait

Question 19

When did East Asia and North America become divided by the flooding of the Bering Strait?

Answer 19

Around 8500 BCE

Question 20

Where did the most dramatic of alll late Pleistocene and early Holocene coastal losses occur?

Answer 20

In Southeast Asia, Sundaland

Question 21

Which landmass resulted in the creation of the Southeast Asian islands by losing more than half of its land area to rising sea levels

Answer 21

Sundaland

Question 22

When did Sundaland lose more than half of its land area due to rising sea levels?

Answer 22

Between 15,000 and 5000 BCE

Question 23

Sundaland losing more than half of its land area between 15,000 and 5000 resulted in the creation of what?

Answer 23

The Southeast Asia islands

Question 24

With the formation of what was Sumatra seperated from Malaysia?

Answer 24

With the formation of the Strait of Malacca

Question 25

When was the Strait of Malacca formed?

Answer 25

6500 BCE

Question 26

Around when was Britain separated from the European mainland?

Answer 26

6500 BCE

Question 27

As sea levels rose, an area of low hills known as … became an island within the formative North Sea

Answer 27

Doggerland

Question 28

Doggerland was submerged and became

Answer 28

The rich fishing grounds known as the Dogger Bank

Question 29

Tasmania was separated from mainland Australia by what?

Answer 29

The Bass Strait

Question 30

In Europe, microliths are a distinguishing feature of the …

Answer 30

Mesolithic

Question 31

What tool type was a distinguishing feature of the Mesolithic?

Answer 31

Microliths

Question 32

The earliest known pottery vessels were made by who?

Answer 32

Hunter-gatherers of East Asia