GI viruses Flashcards
List two groups of viruses that infect the GI tract
Enteroviruses- do not cause diarrhea
Viruses with the primary symptom of diarrhea
List the four groups that comprise the enteroviruses
Polioviruses
enteroviruses
coxackie viruses
echoviruses
Enteroviruses are shed in large numbers in the feces, are acid stable, and resist _____
alcohols and detergents
List six syndromes that are consistently present in enterovirus infection
Rash (all except polio) aseptic meningitis pericarditis/ myocarditis paralysis hepatitis colds
What type of virus is most stronly associated with myocarditis
coxackie viruses
A high percentage of enterovirus infections are _____ especially in children
asymptomatic
Diagnosis of enterovirus is primarily based on:
clinical presentation- many strains, so specific testing is limited AND there are no specific therapies so identifying the specific virus is not useful
True or false: there are no antivirals available for enteroviruses
True
What is the best approach to treating enteroviruses?
- start with prevention- hand hygiene, food handling
- vaccines for hepatitis A and polio virus
- mostly self limited illnesses, supportive care as necessary
How is polio virus transmitted?
Fecal-oral route, replicates in gut mucosa.
Enters through Peyer’s patches and M cells in the gut
For all members of the enterovirus, CNS disease requires ______ and _______
high viral titers
persistent secondary viremias
What causes paralysis in polio infection?
Viral replication in and killing motor neurons of the anterior horn of the spinal column
Describe post-polio syndrome:
nervous system recovers in young people so mild paralytic damage is “masked”
as people age, they become less able to compensate for CNS damage and the original paralytic symptoms return
NOT due to return of polio virus
List families of viruses associated with diarrhea
Major: rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus
Some serotypes of adenovirus and coronavirus
Describe the transmission of viruses that cause diarrhea
transmitted by the fecal-oral route, are very stable, are acid resistant, and large amounts of
virus are shed in stools