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Physiology > GI TRACT > Flashcards

GI TRACT Flashcards

1
Q

ANSWER USING THE KEY BELOW:
A. if statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B. if statements 1 and 3 are correct
C. if statements 2 and 4 are correct
D. if statement 4 is correct
E. if all statements are correct
The gastrin
1. its secretion increases as a result of vagus stimulation
2. increases the secretion of hydrochloric acid
3. increases the motility of the stomach
4. its secretion is increased by distension of the stomach

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

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2
Q

GIP plays an important role in gastric hydrochloric acid secretion
in its regulation
BECAUSE
GIP increases gastric acid secretion.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

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3
Q

VIP is produced in the H cells of the duodenum and small intestine
BECAUSE
the role of VIP is primarily to increase the blood supply of the small intestine.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

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4
Q

Bile acid salts have a strong choleretic effect
BECAUSE
bile acid salts indirectly increase bile secretion, a
it is expressed by inhibiting secretin production.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

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5
Q

The rate of absorption of amino acids is determined only by those that are acidic
is affected by its basic nature
BECAUSE
the absorption of L and D muscles of each amino acid is the same
speed.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

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6
Q

The rate of absorption of amino acids is determined only by those that are acidic
is affected by its basic nature
BECAUSE
the absorption of L and D muscles of each amino acid is the same
speed.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

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7
Q

The fluctuation of basic metabolism plays a role in the constant
in ensuring body weight
BECAUSE
containing 50% more energy than needed
increasing the amount of food intake is the increase in basic metabolism
can compensate.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

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8
Q

Neural processes related to the defecation reflex do not
they show an analogy with the micturition reflex
BECAUSE
it is the stimulation of the receptors that sense the tension of the rectal wall
afferent nerves in the sacral spinal cord (S2-4).
they are taken to a defecation center.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

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9
Q

Medicines are given in a rectal suppository or microenema
the advantage of rectal absorption can be taken advantage of
BECAUSE
small-molecule or small-molecule drugs absorbed in the small intestine
nutrients bypass the liver via the portal circulation.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

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10
Q

An increase in the fat content of the stool cannot indicate the pancreas
to his illness
BECAUSE
the formation of stools with a high fat content is biliary obstruction
its only symptom.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

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11
Q

For the first two phases of swallowing, it is only voluntary
operations are responsible
BECAUSE
the first two stages of swallowing are performed exclusively by smooth muscles
are created.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

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11
Q

For the first two phases of swallowing, it is only voluntary
operations are responsible
BECAUSE
the first two stages of swallowing are performed exclusively by smooth muscles
are created.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

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12
Q

Physiologically, the formation of gastric juice does not lead to alkalosis
BECAUSE
it is the secretion of intestinal fluid, kidney function and breathing
eliminates excess alkalinity.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

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13
Q

The production of bile in the liver is an intermittent process
BECAUSE
secretin as a result of gastric contents reaching the duodenum
is produced.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

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14
Q

The regulation of saliva secretion is primarily nervous,
takes place in a reflective way,
BECAUSE
acetylcholine increases the intensity of saliva secretion.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

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15
Q

Saliva secreted by the submandibular gland
more stretchy (higher mucin content) than gl. parotis
saliva secreted by
BECAUSE
saliva secreted by any gland is an electrolyte
its composition also depends on the intensity of saliva secretion.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

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15
Q

Saliva secreted by the submandibular gland
more stretchy (higher mucin content) than gl. parotis
saliva secreted by
BECAUSE
saliva secreted by any gland is an electrolyte
its composition also depends on the intensity of saliva secretion.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

16
Q

The digestive effect of alpha-amylase found in saliva
can actually develop in the stomach,
BECAUSE
the pH-optimum of salivary amylase can be measured in the stomach at 1-2
is around.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

16
Q

The digestive effect of alpha-amylase found in saliva
can actually develop in the stomach,
BECAUSE
the pH-optimum of salivary amylase can be measured in the stomach at 1-2
is around.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

17
Q

The production of gastric bear is the result of a passive process,
BECAUSE
it is a liquid that is almost isosmotic with plasma.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

18
Q

The gastric phase of gastric secretion is divided into two
lateral vagotomy eliminates,
BECAUSE
after vagotomy, the one originating from the stomach disappears
vegetative afferent impulses central nervous
possibility of systematic processing.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

19
Q

Pernicious anemia is often associated with histamine refractoriness
anacidity,
BECAUSE
histamine stimulates the production of transcorrin.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

19
Q

Pernicious anemia is often associated with histamine refractoriness
anacidity,
BECAUSE
histamine stimulates the production of transcorrin.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

20
Q

Complete absence of pancreatic juice in protein digestion
does not cause detectable confusion,
BECAUSE
the digestive effect of trypsin is affected by other protein-degrading enzymes
can fully replace it.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

20
Q

Complete absence of pancreatic juice in protein digestion
does not cause detectable confusion,
BECAUSE
the digestive effect of trypsin is affected by other protein-degrading enzymes
can fully replace it.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

21
Q

In the absence of pancreatic juice, the fat content of food
its breakdown and absorption are completely undisturbed
it can stay,
BECAUSE
in the small intestine, lipids are exclusively in the form of triglycerides
are absorbed.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

21
Q

In the absence of pancreatic juice, the fat content of food
its breakdown and absorption are completely undisturbed
it can stay,
BECAUSE
in the small intestine, lipids are exclusively in the form of triglycerides
are absorbed.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

22
Q

The bicarbonate content of pancreatic juice is influenced by secretin
increases,
BECAUSE
secretin increases the acinar cell bicarbonate
its secretion.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

23
Q

Secretin also has a cholekinetic effect,
BECAUSE
the presence of dilute bile with a high bicarbonate content
results in separation.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

23
Q

Secretin also has a cholekinetic effect,
BECAUSE
the presence of dilute bile with a high bicarbonate content
results in separation.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

24
Q

It is possible to digest cellulose-containing nutrients
it is only in the large intestine,
BECAUSE
the mucous membrane of the large intestine produces a cellulose-degrading enzyme.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

25
Q

Following vagus stimulation, the small intestine segments
the frequency of its movement does not change,
BECAUSE
the segmenting movement is of myogenic origin.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

25
Q

Following vagus stimulation, the small intestine segments
the frequency of its movement does not change,
BECAUSE
the segmenting movement is of myogenic origin.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

26
Q

The peristaltic movement is the specific intestinal segment
can be observed even after denervation,
BECAUSE
peristalsis is physiologically controlled by the mechano-
it is triggered by stimulation of its receptors.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

26
Q

The peristaltic movement is the specific intestinal segment
can be observed even after denervation,
BECAUSE
peristalsis is physiologically controlled by the mechano-
it is triggered by stimulation of its receptors.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

27
Q

The entire intestinal mucosa serving absorption
membrane surface in an adult approx. can be estimated at 0.3 m2,
BECAUSE
the intestinal villi approx. 1 mm protrusions 10 times
result in an increase in surface area.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

28
Q

From the small intestine, the total amount of proteins is converted into amino acids
absorbed when opened,
BECAUSE
all protein-degrading enzymes of the alimentary canal are any
suitable for cleaving peptide bonds.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

29
Q

Glucose uptake by intestinal epithelial cells with metabolic inhibitors
can be suspended,
BECAUSE
Na-glucose cotransport directly requires ATP
process.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

29
Q

Glucose uptake by intestinal epithelial cells with metabolic inhibitors
can be suspended,
BECAUSE
Na-glucose cotransport directly requires ATP
process.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

30
Q

Defecation can also be controlled voluntarily,
BECAUSE
in part, the efferent fibers organizing the defecation reflex
to the somatic nervous system, partly to the sympathetic
they belong to the vegetative nervous system.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

31
Q

Burning of different nutrients in the body
the heat equivalent of oxygen can be considered the same,
BECAUSE
The difference is in connection with the use of 1 liter of oxygen
approximately the same amount of nutrients is burned.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT

Physiology (6 decks)

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