Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Breathing > Flashcards

Breathing Flashcards

1
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
When is intrapulmonary pressure greater than atmospheric pressure?
A. in the first part of exhalation
B. at the beginning of inhalation
C. is always smaller
D. during the breathing pause after exhalation
E. in the presence of open pneumothorax

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
How does breathing change after bilateral vagotomy?
A.’s frequency decreases and its amplitude decreases
B.’s frequency decreases, its amplitude increases
C.’s frequency increases, its amplitude increases
D.’s frequency increases, its amplitude decreases
E. its frequency and amplitude remain unchanged

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
Which reflex does not affect breathing?
A. Hering-Breuer reflex
B. depressor reflex
Chemoreflexes originating from C. glomus aorticum and carotimum
D. reflexes starting from the mechanoreceptors of the limbs
E. all listed reflexes can affect breathing

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
Which surgical procedure can be used to induce apnea in experimental animals?
cause wheezing?
A. Transection at the border of the pons and midbrain shows intact vagus
next to
B. the incision made at the pons-midbrain border is bilateral
with vagotomy
C. the section between the upper and middle third of the bridge is intact
in addition to vagus
D. cross-section between the upper and middle third of the bridge
with bilateral vagotomy
E. Crossing the pons-prolongation border with intact vagus

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
Which of the factors listed below does not affect a
blood oxygen content?
A. hemoglobin concentration
B. pH
C. temperature
D. pO2
E. is influenced by all the factors listed above

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
The amount of air in the exhalation reserve
A. 150 ml
B. 2500 ml
C. 1000 ml
D. 4000 ml
E. 500 ml

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
Which of the data listed below gives the
the magnitude of the venous blood gas tension in the circulatory system?
A. pO2: 100 mm Hg pCO 2: 40 mm Hg
B. pO 2: 46 mmHg pCO2: 40 mmHg
C. pO2: 40 mmHg pCO2: 46 mmHg
D. pO2: 95 mmHg pCO2: 46 mmHg
E. none of them

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
Which of the data listed below gives the
the magnitude of the venous blood gas tension in the circulatory system?
A. pO2: 100 mm Hg pCO 2: 40 mm Hg
B. pO 2: 46 mmHg pCO2: 40 mmHg
C. pO2: 40 mmHg pCO2: 46 mmHg
D. pO2: 95 mmHg pCO2: 46 mmHg
E. none of them

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CHOOSE THE ONLY CORRECT ANSWER!
Which of the following factors reduces respiratory minute space?
teeth?
A. lowering the blood pressure in the carotid sinus
B. acidosis
C. hyperthermia
D. muscle work
E. is not reduced by any of the above factors

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CHOOSE THE WRONG STATEMENT! IF ALL STATEMENTS ARE CORRECT,
CHOOSE IT!
Regarding gas transport in the pulmonary capillaries
A. red blood cells take up HCO3- from the plasma
B. carbaminohemoglobin is formed
C. the O2 saturation of hemoglobin will be close to 100%
D. red blood cells release Cl- into the plasma
E. all the above processes take place

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CHOOSE THE WRONG ATTACHMENT! IF ALL SETTINGS ARE CORRECT,
CHOOSE IT!
Blood pressure and respiratory minute volume increase if
A. the CO2 content of the blood flowing through the tendon increases
B. blood O2 tension decreases by 10-20%
C. blood pressure increases locally in the carotid sinus
D. cut the four buffer nerves
E. In all of the above cases, the blood pressure and respiratory rate increase
minute volume

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CHOOSE THE WRONG ATTACHMENT! IF ALL SETTINGS ARE CORRECT,
CHOOSE IT!
A. hemoglobin O2 saturation decreases as pCO2 increases
B. a decrease in pH decreases the O2 saturation of hemoglobin
C. the level of oxygen content in the blood is independent of the blood
hemoglobin concentration
D. the O2 saturation of hemoglobin is increased by the increase in temperature
reduces
E. all the above statements are correct

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CHOOSE THE WRONG ATTACHMENT! IF ALL SETTINGS ARE CORRECT,
CHOOSE IT!
A. hemoglobin O2 saturation decreases as pCO2 increases
B. a decrease in pH decreases the O2 saturation of hemoglobin
C. the level of oxygen content in the blood is independent of the blood
hemoglobin concentration
D. the O2 saturation of hemoglobin is increased by the increase in temperature
reduces
E. all the above statements are correct

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stimulation of the sympathetic nerves causes the bronchi to dilate
BECAUSE
adrenaline binds to beta receptors in the bronchial muscles
lowers its tone.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

During inspiration, the intrapleural negative pressure is absolute
value is female
BECAUSE
during breathing movements, the lungs passively follow the chest wall
movements.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A slight increase in the CO2 tension of the circulating blood
results in hyperventilation
BECAUSE
the peripheral chemoreceptors are primarily CO2 tension
respond to its growth.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If the spinal cord is cut through the border of the cervical and dorsal sections, a
experimental animal immediately without artificial respiration
drowns
BECAUSE
the respiratory centers are located in the medulla oblongata and the bridge.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The muscles of the abdominal wall play an important role during eupnoea
in breathing movements
BECAUSE
the muscles of the abdominal wall can pull the lower ribs down.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The muscles of the abdominal wall play an important role during eupnoea
in breathing movements
BECAUSE
the muscles of the abdominal wall can pull the lower ribs down.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most of the CO2 transported by the blood is physically dissolved
BECAUSE
the venous blood pCO2 cannot be higher than the tissue pCO2
at its value.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most of the CO2 transported by the blood is physically dissolved
BECAUSE
the venous blood pCO2 cannot be higher than the tissue pCO2
at its value.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Plasma without red blood cells is equally effective
can transport CO2 like whole blood
BECAUSE
most of the CO2 carried by the blood is bicarbonate
in its form is found in the plasma.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The pO2 value of the alveolar air and the arterial one leaving the lungs
blood pO2 is physiologically close to the same
BECAUSE
from the alveolar space according to the pressure gradient of O2,
freely diffuses into the venous blood of the pulmonary capillaries.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The pO2 value of the alveolar air and the arterial one leaving the lungs
blood pO2 is physiologically close to the same
BECAUSE
from the alveolar space according to the pressure gradient of O2,
freely diffuses into the venous blood of the pulmonary capillaries.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Contains 95% O2 and 5% CO2 instead of atmospheric air
inhaling a gas mixture is pointless in any case
BECAUSE
the pO2 value in the alveoli cannot be increased above 100 mmHg.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

21
Q

The vital capacity at the end of maximum inspiration is called a
the amount of air in the lungs
BECAUSE
the residual air is also part of the vital capacity.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT

22
Q

We do not feel short of breath if it is not associated with O2 deficiency
hypercapnia
BECAUSE
the increase in CO2 tension increases the activity of the pneumotaxic center
stimulates.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

22
Q

We do not feel short of breath if it is not associated with O2 deficiency
hypercapnia
BECAUSE
the increase in CO2 tension increases the activity of the pneumotaxic center
stimulates.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

23
Q

If the partial pressure of O2 in the blood from 100 mm Hg to 200
raise it, the O2 content of the blood also doubles
BECAUSE
the O2 saturation of hemoglobin depends on the partial pressure of O2.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

24
Q

In terms of meeting the body’s O2 needs a
whole blood is preferable to pure hemoglobin solution
BECAUSE
O2 saturation of hemoglobin in pure hemoglobin solution
at any partial pressure is less than that of whole blood.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

25
Q

Hypoxia and hypercapnia can both be caused by breathing
increase in cardiac output
BECAUSE
the activity of the inhalation center to the pCO2 of the blood flowing through it
increase and decrease of pO2 both increase it.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

26
Q

A given degree of alveolar hypoxia (e.g. pO2=60 mmHg) than that
increases the respiratory minute volume more, the higher it is
at the same time, the value of pCO2
BECAUSE
hypoxia increases the CO2 of the chemoreceptors of the respiratory center
sensitivity to

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

27
Q

By inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in the carbamino bond
the amount of delivered CO2 can be reduced
BECAUSE
more than 50% of CO2 transport is in the form of carbamino bonds
is happening.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

27
Q

By inhibiting the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in the carbamino bond
the amount of delivered CO2 can be reduced
BECAUSE
more than 50% of CO2 transport is in the form of carbamino bonds
is happening.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

28
Q

The timed vital capacity is suitable for the dynamics of gas exchange
for examination
BECAUSE
the timed vital capacity is maximized after maximum inhalation
the amount of air that can be exhaled.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

29
Q

Alveolar and atmospheric air have the same composition
BECAUSE
between the alveolar air and the atmosphere during breathing
gas exchange takes place.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

30
Q

Which statement is correct:
The inhaled air flows at the highest speed when
A. during inhalation, the volume of the lungs approaches the maximum capacity of the lungs
B. during inhalation, the lung volume approaches the residual volume
C. the alveolar pressure is the smallest
D. the intrapleural pressure is approx. -5 water cm
E. the abdominal muscles are maximally contracted

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

30
Q

Which statement is correct:
The inhaled air flows at the highest speed when
A. during inhalation, the volume of the lungs approaches the maximum capacity of the lungs
B. during inhalation, the lung volume approaches the residual volume
C. the alveolar pressure is the smallest
D. the intrapleural pressure is approx. -5 water cm
E. the abdominal muscles are maximally contracted

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

31
Q

Choose the correct statement!
The diffusion coefficient of oxygen is the diffusion coefficient of carbon dioxide
compared to its coefficient
A. is larger because oxygen is bound to hemoglobin
B. is smaller because oxygen is less soluble in water
C. larger because the alveoli and capillaries are larger
pressure gradient between
D. is smaller because the molecular weight of oxygen is smaller
E. practically the same

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

32
Q

The diffusion coefficient of oxygen is higher than that of carbon dioxide
BECAUSE
oxygen binds to hemoglobin.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

33
Q

The diffusion coefficient of oxygen is lower than that of carbon dioxide
BECAUSE
oxygen is less soluble in water.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

34
Q

Choose the correct statement!
It reduces the resistance of the airways
A. if we stimulate the n. vagus trunk running to the lung
B. if a beta receptor blocker is used
C. exhalation with maximum force
D. increasing the volume of the lungs

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

35
Q

Choose the correct statement!
A decrease in arterial blood oxygen tension is typical
A. in anemia
B. in carbon monoxide poisoning
C. due to moderate exercise
D. in cyanide poisoning
E. during hypoventilation

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

36
Q

Which statement is correct:
In the absence of surfactant
A. nô is the lung compliance value
B. the volume of the alveoli stabilizes
C. the retraction force acting on the placenta increases
D. the oxygen difference between the alveoli and the capillaries decreases
E. the filtration force in the pulmonary capillaries decreases

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

37
Q

Which is the correct answer:
During inspiration, the pressure of the intrapleural space when the diaphragm contracts
A. zero
B. positive
C. negative
D. is the same as the pressure in the alveoli
E. equals atmospheric pressure

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

38
Q

Which is the correct answer:
The amount of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal exhalation
A. the residual volume
B. the expiratory reserve volume
C. the functional reserve capacity
D. the inspiratory reserve volume
E. the vital capacity

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

39
Q

Which answer is correct:
An increase in respiratory volume if the other parameters
we do not change it, it increases the
A. respiratory dead space
B. functional residual volume
C. the inspiratory reserve capacity
D. alveolar ventilation
E. alveolar carbon dioxide concentration

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

40
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Alveolar ventilation is equal
A. with dead space ventilation
B. by the product of respiratory volume and respiratory rate
C. with respiratory minute volume
D. by the difference between respiratory minute volume and dead space
E. with the amount of carbon dioxide produced per minute

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

40
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Alveolar ventilation is equal
A. with dead space ventilation
B. by the product of respiratory volume and respiratory rate
C. with respiratory minute volume
D. by the difference between respiratory minute volume and dead space
E. with the amount of carbon dioxide produced per minute

A

The letter of the correct answer is: D CORRECT!

41
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Small ventilation in certain alveoli
decrease is accompanied by
A. with a decrease in the circulation of the given part of the lung
B. with a decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the alveoli
C. with a decrease in the oxygen tension of the alveoli
D. by increasing the pH of the tissues surrounding the alveoli
E. with the increase of hemoglobin saturation in the capillaries

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

41
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Small ventilation in certain alveoli
decrease is accompanied by
A. with a decrease in the circulation of the given part of the lung
B. with a decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the alveoli
C. with a decrease in the oxygen tension of the alveoli
D. by increasing the pH of the tissues surrounding the alveoli
E. with the increase of hemoglobin saturation in the capillaries

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

42
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Primary sign of hypoventilation
A. cyanosis
B. the increased respiratory resistance
C. hypercapnia
D. the dyspnoea
E. hypoxia

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

43
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Under normal conditions, alveolar carbon dioxide is the partial pressure
A. is the same in all alveoli
B. higher in the basal parts of the lung
C. is directly proportional to the partial pressure of inhaled oxygen
D. is inversely proportional to the ventilation of the alveoli
E. 46 mm Hg

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

44
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Hypercapnia is primarily a
Stimulus of A. carotid sinus receptors
B. stimulus of central chemoreceptors
C. stimulus of baroreceptors
D. XII. cranial nerve stimulus
E. all statements are true

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

44
Q

Which is the correct answer:
Hypercapnia is primarily a
Stimulus of A. carotid sinus receptors
B. stimulus of central chemoreceptors
C. stimulus of baroreceptors
D. XII. cranial nerve stimulus
E. all statements are true

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

45
Q

All the listed factors reduce the vital capacity
EXCEPT
A. the reduced total capacity of the lungs
B. the increased residual volume
C. weakness of the inspiratory muscles
D. weakness of expiratory muscles
E. if the surface tension of the alveoli decreases

A

The letter of the correct answer is: E CORRECT!

46
Q

Which is the correct answer?
What is the consequence of inhaling air with a 5% carbon dioxide content?
A. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the venous blood decreases.
B. The pH value of arterial blood changes in an alkaline direction.
C. Alveolar ventilation increases.
D. The hemoglobin oxygen saturation curve shifts to the left.
E. Blood flow to the brain decreases.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

47
Q

Choose the WRONG statement!
The sufactant
A. increases the surface tension of the alveoli
B. increases lung compliance
In the absence of C., the alveoli can easily close
In the absence of D. -indirectly- the pH of the arterial blood can become acidotic

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

48
Q

Choose the correct statement!
Which center is responsible for the basic rhythm of breathing?
A. Apnea center.
B. Parabrachial nucleus.
C. The dorsal nucleus group of the elongate.
D. The pneumotaxic center.
E. The cerebellum.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

48
Q

Choose the correct statement!
Which center is responsible for the basic rhythm of breathing?
A. Apnea center.
B. Parabrachial nucleus.
C. The dorsal nucleus group of the elongate.
D. The pneumotaxic center.
E. The cerebellum.

A

The letter of the correct answer is: C CORRECT!

49
Q

Choose the correct statement!
The oxygen demand of the respiratory muscles is increased by
A. reduced lung compliance
B. decreased respiratory resistance
C. increase in respiratory rate
D. reduced surfactant production
E. increase in resting tidal volume

A

The letter of the correct answer is: B CORRECT!

50
Q

Choose the correct statement!
For patients with reduced oxygen diffusion
CO2 retention rarely occurs because
A. CO2 is more water soluble than oxygen
B. the production of CO2 also decreases with it
C. carboxyhemoglobin binds excess carbon dioxide
D. none of the statements are true

A

The letter of the correct answer is: THE CORRECT!

Physiology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions