GI system meds Flashcards
G: promethazine
B: Phenergan
Classification/Action
phenothiazine; antiemetic, also tx of motion sicknedss; antihistamine, anesthesia and analgesia adjunct
Notes
SE: sedation, anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention); orthostatic hypotension
G: metoclopramide
B: Reglan
Classification/Action
antiemetic and GI stimulant (reduces gastric stasis
Notes
SE: generally well-tolerated; drowsiness, limit use to 12 weeks to decrease risk of EPS, NMS (w/incr fevel, muscle rigidity
G: diphenoxylate w/ atropine
B: Lomotil
Classification/Action
anti-diarrheal
Notes
Schedule V drug due to opioid composition; limit to 4 doses (1-2 tabs/dose) in 24 hr period
SE: drowsiness, rash; anticholinergic effects
G: biscodyl
B: Dulcolax
Classification/Action
laxative, stimulant cathartic
Notes
available in PO and suppository form
SE: anorexia; poss GI cramping, diarrhea
G: magnesium hydroxide
B: Milk of Magnesia
Classification/Action
laxative, osmotic cathartic antacid in smaller dose
Notes
due to Mg content not recommended for renal pt; incr fluids to prevent dehydration
SE: loose BM’s
G: psyllium
B: Metamucil
Classification/Action
bulk forming laxative
Notes
take w/full cup of water or juice
SE: poss GI cramping; esoph or intestinal obstruction (use with plenty of fluid); loose BMs, flatus
G: docusate sodium
B: Colace
Classification/Action
stool softener, surfactant laxative
Notes
may take 2 days for effect
**SE: **
G: aluminum hydroxide
B: Amphojel, AlternaGEL
Classification/Action
antacid
Notes
Give 1 hr before or 2 hrs after other meds, between meals and hs
SE: constipation esp with long-term use; hypophostatemia
G: simethicone
B: Gas-X, Mylicon
Classification/Action
anti-flatulant
Notes
not recommended for infant colic; no known significant SE
**SE: **
G: ranitidine
B: Zantac
Classification/Action
H2 inhibitor; anti-ulcer; for tx of PU, GERD; prevention of stress ulcers
Notes
SE: gen well tolerated; may incr risk of pneumonia as decrease gastric acid causes incr risk of gastric bacterial colonization, spread
G: lansoprazole
B: Prevacid
Classification/Action
proton pumpinhibitor; anti-ulcer; preferred for tx of PU, GERD, prevention of stress ulcers
Notes
SE: H/A, nausea, diarrhea, may incr risk of pneumonia as decr gastric acid causes incr risk of gastric bacterial colonization, spread
G: lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin
B: Prevpac
Classification/Action
proton pumpinhibitor and anti-infective combination of tx of Helicobacter pylori
Notes
Tx course sually 2 weeks
SE: nausea & diarrhea from the antibiotics
G: sulcrafate
B: Carafate
Classification/Action
GI mucosal protectorant; for tx of ulcers, IBD
Notes
Give on empty stomach 1 hour ac and at hs; may give tablet dissolved in 1 oz water as “slurry”
SE: constipation
G: misoprostol
B: Cytotec
Classification/Action
Prostaglandin analogue, antiulcer cytoprotective agent; helps prevent NSAID induced gastric ulcer
Notes
SE: N&V, gastric upset, diarrhea, menstrual spotting; contraindicated in pregnancy
G: pancrelipase
B: Pancrease, Viokase
Classification/Action
pancreatic enzyme
Notes
taken with meals, snacks
SE: generally well tolerated; poss allergic rex
