GI system Flashcards
Visualization of which of the following structures indicates that the correct contrast scale has been used for a plain abdominal radiograph?
1. Liver, kidneys, and psoas muscle shadows
2. Lumbar spine and transverse processes
3. Kidneys and psoas muscle shadows
4 Lumbar spine ans psoas shadows
Both 1 and 2
The rhythmic smooth muscle contractions found in the upper gastrointestinal system are called:
peristalsis
The greatest amount of digestion occurs in which portion of the intestines?
duodenum
Detoxification of poisonous substances takes place in which organ?
liver
Which organ controls the level of glucose in the circulating blood?
pancreas
The telescoping of one part of the intestinal tract into another is termed:
intussusception
Twisting of the bowel upon itself is termed:
volvulus
What is not considered to be the major imaging modality for the demonstration of gallstones?
Ultrasound
What is the major cause of cirrhosis in the USA and Europe?
alcoholism
Rupture of the spleen as a result of blunt abdominal trauma can be best demonstrated by what imaging procedure?
CT
If a patient is too ill to stand, what projection can be used to demonstrate pneumoperitoneum?
Left lateral decubitus, pt on the left side.
Extensive calcification in the wall of the gallbladder is termed:
porcelain gallbladder
Varicose veins of the rectum are termed:
hemorrhoids
“Apple-core” and “napkin-ring” are common descriptive terms for annular carcinoma of the:
colon
Crohn’s disease occurs in what organ?
colon, small bowel, stomach
The presence of rage amounts of gas and fluid in uniformly dilated loops of small and large bowel, often seen after abdominal surgery, is termed:
adynamic ileus
What medical term is used to denote difficulty in swallowing?
dysphagia
Gastric contents that are mixed with hydrochloric acid and pepsin are called:
chyme
To demonstrate esophageal reflux, the pt is often asked to perform the:
valsalva maneuer
An abnormal connection between the esophagus an trachea is termed a(n):
fistula
An anormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity is termed;
ascites
Herniations, or outpouchings, of the walls of a hollow organ are termed:
diverticula
A colonic intussusception can sometimes be reduced by what radiographic procedure:
barium enema
Patients older than 40 years with a history of difficulty in swallowing are usually assumed, until proven otherwise, to have what pathologic condition?
esophageal hernia
What is the most common manifestation of peptic ulcer disease?
duodenal ulcer
If loops of bowel are distended by abnormally large amounts of air and are occupying the central portion of the abdomen, the patient most likely has a:
small bowel obstruction
The muscle becomes hypertrophic preventing the normal emptying of the stomach in cases of:
pyloric stenosis
The most prevalent inflammatory disease of the liver most commonly caused by a viral infection or a reaction to drugs and toxins is:
hepatitis
