Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUR 326 > GI Pharm > Flashcards

GI Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

go look at basic GI meds

A

;)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

for upper GI disorders we try to

A
  • inc the protective factors –> antacids, sucralfate
  • dec aggressive facotrs –> treat h pylori, H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

treating h pylori

A

several antibiotics and gastric acid inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why use combo therapy for h pylori

A

minimizes resistance
lots of abx dont work the best in acidic env
confirm case before treating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the problems with h pylori treatment

A

10-14 days of abx
$200 for 12 pills a day so low adherence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

decreasing gastric acid drugs

A

block H2 receptors
inhibit proton pump inhibitor
the two ways that inc acidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cimetidine and famotidine class

A

H2 receptor antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cimetidine and famotidine moa

A

block H2 receptors in the stomach and reduce acid secretion by 60-70%
- ultimately inc stomach pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cimetidine and famotidine routes

A

PO, IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cimetidine and famotidine nursing considerations

A

give at least 1 hour apart from antacids
lessens likelihood of aspiration pneumonia
IV give slowly bc risk of bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cimetidine and famotidine indications

A

GERD
PUD
ulcer
prophylaxis –> dec risk for aspiration pneumonia
heartburn/dyspepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cimetidine and famotidine adverse effects

A

well tolerated
CNS effects in elderly
slight inc risk for pneumonia in elderly (kinda a stretch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

cimetidine and famotidine interactions

A

cimetidine –> CYP450 inhibitor
famotidine –> no interactions, when possible 1st choice
can inc levels of warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

omeprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole class

A

proton pump inhibitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

omeprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole moa

A

bind to H/K ATPase pump to inhibit the secretion of HCl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

omeprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole indications

A

short term treatment of GERD, PUD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

omeprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole adverse effects

A

short term: safe
long term: inc risk of pneumonia, bone loss, hip fracture, stomach cancer –> typically benefits out weight these

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

omeprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole interactions

A

few, but defs less than older H2 receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

omeprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole nursing considerations

A

short term use only
- long term will typically be rx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

sucralfate class

A

mucosal protectant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

sucralfate is composed of

A

sucrose base and aluminum hydroxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

sucralfate moa

A

alters into sticky thick gel that adds the protective barrier when exposed to stomach acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sucralfate indications

A

duodenal ulcers
gastric ulcers
sometimes given for chronic gastritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

sucralfate route

A

only PO, tablet or suspension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

sucralfate adverse effects

A

nothing major, maybe C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

sucralfate interactions

A

dec drug absorption
take 2 hours after other drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

major forms of antacids

A

aluminum
calcium
magnesium
Al + Mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

aluminum and calcium antacid se

A

constipation

29
Q

magnesium antacid se

A

D

30
Q

al + mg antacid se

A

balanced approached

31
Q

antacid moa

A

neutralize acid by approximately 50%
- undergoes chemical change

32
Q

antacids indications

A

PUD (healing)
GERD (symptoms)
stress ulcers (prophylaxis)
heartburn and indigestion for some

33
Q

antacids se

A

C or D depending on form
rebound secretion of acid –> heartburn comes back

34
Q

antacids interactions

A

cause chelation of other drugs –> antacids will hold onto drugs preventing them from getting digested and absorbed
separate taking with other drugs by 2 hours

35
Q

antiemetics

A

serotonin blockers
antihistamines
anticholinergics
dopamine antagonists
prokinetics

36
Q

ondansetron class

A

serotonin blockers

37
Q

ondansetron moa

A

blocks 5HT receptors in the trigger zone of the brain and afferent vagal nerves in the stomach and small intestine

38
Q

ondansetron route

A

IV, PO

39
Q

ondansetron indications

A

NV, esp. chemo induced

40
Q

ondansetron se

A

mild ha
D
dizzy
pretty well tolerated
serious: serotonin syndrome so be aware of other drugs that affect 5HT like SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOis, buspirone, tramadol

41
Q

dimenhydrinate
hydroxyzine
meclizine class

A

antihistamines

42
Q

dimenhydrinate
hydroxyzine
meclizine moa

A

block the release of H1 receptors in inner ear

43
Q

dimenhydrinate
hydroxyzine
meclizine indications

A

treat dizziness and N
- antiemetic, antivertigo associated with motion sickness

44
Q

dimenhydrinate
hydroxyzine
meclizine adverse effects

A

sedation
drowsy
dizzy
anticholinergic effect (drying effect)
fall risk

45
Q

what to know about hydroxyzine

A

never given IV bc can result in significant tissue damage, thrombosis and gangrene
can be given IM

46
Q

metoclopramide class

A

dopamine antagonist or prokinetic agent

47
Q

metoclopramide moa

A

blocks dopamine receptors to inc the tone of LES
inc peristalsis in both stomach and intestine –> diabetic gastroparesis

48
Q

metoclopramide indications

A

NV –> chemo radiation, opioids
GI motility issues –> for dec peristalsis, CF
paralytic ileus

49
Q

metoclopramide adverse effects

A

sedation
- severe: extrapyramidal symptoms, restlessness, neuroleptic malignant syndrome

50
Q

what are extrapyramidal symptoms

A

drug induced movements cause by taking metoclopramide, especially with anti psychotics
- akathisia
- acute dystonia
- parkinsonism
- tardive dyskinesia
- neuroleptic malignant syndrome

51
Q

akathisia

A

restlessness, tense, constant desire to move

52
Q

acute dystonia

A

involuntary muscle distractions

53
Q

parkinsonism

A

tremors
rigid muscles in the limbs

54
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

facial movements like tongue twisting, chewing motions, cheek puffing, grimacing

55
Q

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

rigid muscle, fever, drowsy, confusion
- can lead to seizures

56
Q

diphenoxylate with atropine
loperamide class

A

anti D

57
Q

diphenoxylate with atropine
loperamide moa

A

dec intestinal peristalsis, reduce the intestinal effluent

58
Q

diphenoxylate with atropine
loperamide adverse reactions

A

drowsiness and constipation
- fall and driving precautions especially with CNS depressants
- anti cholinergic effects with atropine
- serious cardiac arrest, arrythmias

59
Q

sulfasalazine class

A

5 aminosalicylate

60
Q

sulfasalazine indications

A

mild to moderate IBD

61
Q

sulfasalazine moa

A

sulfasalazine is a sulfonamide abx that converts the intestine into 5 aminosalicyclic acid and sulphapyridine
- sulphapyridine has no therapeutic effect

62
Q

sulfasalazine se

A

N, fever, rash, headache, hematologic disorders

63
Q

sulfasalazine nursing considerations

A

do not give to pts with sulfa allergies or have types of anemias
- caution if pts has diseases, comorbities

64
Q

infliximab class

A

DMARDS
disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs

65
Q

infliximab moa

A

monoclonal antibodies which neutralize TNF alpha, an inflammatory mediator
turns TNF off

66
Q

infliximab indications

A

lots, but for here IBD

67
Q

infliximab side effects

A

immune suppression
- infection, cancer, heart failure, infusion rxns, neutropenia

68
Q

infliximab nursing considerations

A

often require therapeutic drug monitoring and biomarker monitoring for inflammation (CRP)
pre screening before starting to ensure safety

NUR 326 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions