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GI Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What is the treatment for most Mallory-Weiss Tear?

A

Watchful waiting, these will typically

resolve within 48 hours

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2
Q

Causes of Constipation?

A 
Low Fiber
Decreased fluid intake
Poor Toilet habits
Inability to toilet
Decreased exercise
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3
Q

Diverticulosis occurs when?

A

the vasa recta penetrate the circular muscle layers between the taenia colia. Can lead to Divertulitis (20%)

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4
Q

SS Diverticulosis?

A

may present with intermittent cramping abd pain in the LLQ, mild LLQ tenderness

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5
Q

Dx modality for Diverticulosis?

A

Barium Enema

multiple diverticula, typically involving the descending and sigmoid colon

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6
Q

Tx Diverticulosis?

A

Pain control, increase dietary fiber, decrease fats, no nuts or seeds, usu no surgery needed

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7
Q

Acute Diverticulitis is the…?

A

Perforation of the diverticulum causing an acute infection

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8
Q

S/S Diverticulitis?

A

Left lower quadrant pain and tenderness +/- anorexia, nausea, and vomiting may have fever

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9
Q

Can you do a barium enema with Diverticulitis?

A

No, contraindicated

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10
Q

CT with Diverticulitis shows?

A

Inflammation and thickening of bowel wall, abcess formation, diverticula
** No Endoscopy or Barium Enema

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11
Q

TX of Diverticulitis?

A

Pain control
Hydration tx
Broad spectrum abx

May need Colectomy. at risk of Fistula, colonic obstruction, abscess formation, peritonitis, Hemorrhage

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12
Q

What can diverticulitis lead to?

A

Diverticular Hemorrhage

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13
Q

Most common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease?

A

H Pylori

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14
Q

A one year old presents with bilious vomiting without abdominal distention, think?

A

Duodenal atresia:
Double bubble sign on X ray

Tx with Decompression, IV fluids, and duodenoduodensostomy surger

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15
Q

What is inflammation confined to the mucosa and submucosa of the colon called?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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16
Q

Surgery curative for UC or Chron’s?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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17
Q

What is the major symptom of Ulcerative Colitis?

A

Bloody Diarrhea–Also with urgency and fecal incontinence

May have high ESR, anemia, and Leukocytosis

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18
Q

Gold standard for Bile Duct stones?

A

ERCP

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19
Q

Most specific test for acute choleycistitis?

A

HIDA

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20
Q

What does Barium swallow show with UC?

A

Loss of haustra markings, narrowing of lumen, and straightening of colon

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21
Q

Inflammation that begins in the rectum and extends proximally a certain distance and then stops is?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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22
Q

TX of Ulcerative Colitis

A 
Antidiarrheal
Aminosalicylates
Corticosteriouds
Immunomodulator
Poss Colectomy
23
Q

What 2 things can ulcerative colitis lead to?

A

Toxic Megacolon and Colon Cancer

24
Q

Fasting Gastrin levels > 150?

A

Gastrinoma

25
What disease is defined as an immunologic | response to gluten?
Celiac Disease
26
List two common offending agents for pill induced | esophagitis
NSAIDS, KCL, iron, antibiotics
27
A thirty year old African American woman presents with dysphagia. You notice she also has thickened skin. A barium swallow demonstrates the absence of peristalsis. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Sleroderma
28
Onion ring fibrosis from a bile duct biopsy should | make you think of what diagnosis?
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
29
Currant jelly stool should make you think of what | diagnosis?
Intussusception
30
What is the most common vessel blocked with | intestinal ischemia?
Superior mesenteric artery
31
Should diverticulitis always be admitted?
No mild cases can be treated with rest and clear fluids
32
What is the #1 cause of small bowel obstruction?
Postoperative adhesions
33
Inflammation that extends through the intestinal wall from mucosa to serosa and can appear anywhere in the GI tract but distal and small bowel commonly affected is called?
Chron's disease
34
Major presenting symptoms in Crohn's disease?
Abd pain, diarrhea, wt loss, tender painful perianal disease common
35
Barium enema with Crohn's shows?
Aphthous ulcers with cobblestone appearance
36
TX for Crohn's?
``` Antidiarrheals Aminosalicylates Corticosteroids Immunomodulators (Azathioprine and 6 mercaptoprine) Antiboiotics Infliximab (Antibody directed and TNF) Surgery---Segmental resection ```
37
What is an invaginatin of one part of the bowel into itself called?
Intussusception
38
What is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in first 2 years of life?
Intussusception
39
Current Jelly stool with Sausage shaped abd mass?
Intussusception Dx with Barium Enema
40
Describe how to perform the psoas sign.
The patient is supine and attempts | to raise right leg against resistance.
41
Describe how to perform the obturator sign.
The patient is supine and attempts to | flex and internally rotate right hip.
42
What is the best imaging study for acute | appendicitis?
CT
43
What treatment should be started for | asymptomatic diverticulosis?
None
44
What two blood test can be used to diagnose | celiac?
IgA endomysial antibody and IgA tTG | antibody.
45
What is the term for an abscess in the | sacrococcygeal cleft?
Pilonidal disease
46
Postprandial cramps relieved by defecation?
IBS Females greater than males age 30-50
47
IBS
Chronic condition characterized by abd pain and bowel disfunction. Pain often relieved by defectation
48
Criteria of IBS
3 months of the following 1) Abd pain relieved by defecation 2) Altered stool form 3) Altered stool passage 4) Passage of mucus 5) Bloating and abd distention
49
What is the most common ischemic injury of the GI tract?
Ischemic colitis
50
IBS is a .....
Bowel Motility disorder
51
Malabsorption is?
Impaired transport across the mucosa Impaired luminal hydrolysis impaired mucosal fxn Impaired removal of nutrients
52
Typical presentation of malabsorption?
Steatorrhea (pale, bulky, greasy, tends to flaot)
53
Gluten if found in
Wheat, Barley, Rye and Oats
54
Biopsy of the villi in the small intestine with Celiac Sprue show...?
Atrophy of the villi

PANRE (14 decks)

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