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PANRE > GI Part II > Flashcards

GI Part II Flashcards

1
Q

What is the treatment for most Mallory-Weiss Tear?

A

Watchful waiting, these will typically

resolve within 48 hours

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2
Q

Causes of Constipation?

A 
Low Fiber
Decreased fluid intake
Poor Toilet habits
Inability to toilet
Decreased exercise
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3
Q

Diverticulosis occurs when?

A

the vasa recta penetrate the circular muscle layers between the taenia colia. Can lead to Divertulitis (20%)

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4
Q

SS Diverticulosis?

A

may present with intermittent cramping abd pain in the LLQ, mild LLQ tenderness

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5
Q

Dx modality for Diverticulosis?

A

Barium Enema

multiple diverticula, typically involving the descending and sigmoid colon

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6
Q

Tx Diverticulosis?

A

Pain control, increase dietary fiber, decrease fats, no nuts or seeds, usu no surgery needed

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7
Q

Acute Diverticulitis is the…?

A

Perforation of the diverticulum causing an acute infection

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8
Q

S/S Diverticulitis?

A

Left lower quadrant pain and tenderness +/- anorexia, nausea, and vomiting may have fever

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9
Q

Can you do a barium enema with Diverticulitis?

A

No, contraindicated

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10
Q

CT with Diverticulitis shows?

A

Inflammation and thickening of bowel wall, abcess formation, diverticula
** No Endoscopy or Barium Enema

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11
Q

TX of Diverticulitis?

A

Pain control
Hydration tx
Broad spectrum abx

May need Colectomy. at risk of Fistula, colonic obstruction, abscess formation, peritonitis, Hemorrhage

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12
Q

What can diverticulitis lead to?

A

Diverticular Hemorrhage

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13
Q

Most common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease?

A

H Pylori

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14
Q

A one year old presents with bilious vomiting without abdominal distention, think?

A

Duodenal atresia:
Double bubble sign on X ray

Tx with Decompression, IV fluids, and duodenoduodensostomy surger

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15
Q

What is inflammation confined to the mucosa and submucosa of the colon called?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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16
Q

Surgery curative for UC or Chron’s?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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17
Q

What is the major symptom of Ulcerative Colitis?

A

Bloody Diarrhea–Also with urgency and fecal incontinence

May have high ESR, anemia, and Leukocytosis

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18
Q

Gold standard for Bile Duct stones?

A

ERCP

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19
Q

Most specific test for acute choleycistitis?

A

HIDA

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20
Q

What does Barium swallow show with UC?

A

Loss of haustra markings, narrowing of lumen, and straightening of colon

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21
Q

Inflammation that begins in the rectum and extends proximally a certain distance and then stops is?

A

Ulcerative Colitis

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22
Q

TX of Ulcerative Colitis

A 
Antidiarrheal
Aminosalicylates
Corticosteriouds
Immunomodulator
Poss Colectomy
23
Q

What 2 things can ulcerative colitis lead to?

A

Toxic Megacolon and Colon Cancer

24
Q

Fasting Gastrin levels > 150?

A

Gastrinoma

25
Q

What disease is defined as an immunologic

response to gluten?

A

Celiac Disease

26
Q

List two common offending agents for pill induced

esophagitis

A

NSAIDS, KCL, iron, antibiotics

27
Q

A thirty year old African American woman presents
with dysphagia. You notice she also has thickened
skin. A barium swallow demonstrates the absence
of peristalsis. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Sleroderma

28
Q

Onion ring fibrosis from a bile duct biopsy should

make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

29
Q

Currant jelly stool should make you think of what

diagnosis?

A

Intussusception

30
Q

What is the most common vessel blocked with

intestinal ischemia?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

Should diverticulitis always be admitted?

A

No mild cases can be treated with rest and clear fluids

32
Q

What is the #1 cause of small bowel obstruction?

A

Postoperative adhesions

33
Q

Inflammation that extends through the intestinal wall from mucosa to serosa and can appear anywhere in the GI tract but distal and small bowel commonly affected is called?

A

Chron’s disease

34
Q

Major presenting symptoms in Crohn’s disease?

A

Abd pain, diarrhea, wt loss, tender painful perianal disease common

35
Q

Barium enema with Crohn’s shows?

A

Aphthous ulcers with cobblestone appearance

36
Q

TX for Crohn’s?

A 
Antidiarrheals
Aminosalicylates
Corticosteroids
Immunomodulators (Azathioprine and 6 mercaptoprine)
Antiboiotics 
Infliximab (Antibody directed and TNF)
Surgery---Segmental resection
37
Q

What is an invaginatin of one part of the bowel into itself called?

A

Intussusception

38
Q

What is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in first 2 years of life?

A

Intussusception

39
Q

Current Jelly stool with Sausage shaped abd mass?

A

Intussusception Dx with Barium Enema

40
Q

Describe how to perform the psoas sign.

A

The patient is supine and attempts

to raise right leg against resistance.

41
Q

Describe how to perform the obturator sign.

A

The patient is supine and attempts to

flex and internally rotate right hip.

42
Q

What is the best imaging study for acute

appendicitis?

A

CT

43
Q

What treatment should be started for

asymptomatic diverticulosis?

A

None

44
Q

What two blood test can be used to diagnose

celiac?

A

IgA endomysial antibody and IgA tTG

antibody.

45
Q

What is the term for an abscess in the

sacrococcygeal cleft?

A

Pilonidal disease

46
Q

Postprandial cramps relieved by defecation?

A

IBS Females greater than males age 30-50

47
Q

IBS

A

Chronic condition characterized by abd pain and bowel disfunction. Pain often relieved by defectation

48
Q

Criteria of IBS

A

3 months of the following

1) Abd pain relieved by defecation
2) Altered stool form
3) Altered stool passage
4) Passage of mucus
5) Bloating and abd distention

49
Q

What is the most common ischemic injury of the GI tract?

A

Ischemic colitis

50
Q

IBS is a …..

A

Bowel Motility disorder

51
Q

Malabsorption is?

A

Impaired transport across the mucosa
Impaired luminal hydrolysis
impaired mucosal fxn
Impaired removal of nutrients

52
Q

Typical presentation of malabsorption?

A

Steatorrhea (pale, bulky, greasy, tends to flaot)

53
Q

Gluten if found in

A

Wheat, Barley, Rye and Oats

54
Q

Biopsy of the villi in the small intestine with Celiac Sprue show…?

A

Atrophy of the villi

PANRE (14 decks)

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