GI Neoplasia II: CRC (Nichols/Jackson) Flashcards
Defn of polyp
Bump or nodule in the mucosa
result of KRAS mutation without APC mutation
Hyperplastic polyp
mass of mature, but disorganized tissue indigenous to site
Hamartoma
Is a papilloma a polyp?
Yes
What are the types of polyps with malignant potential?
Adenomatous
What are the types of polyps that do not have malignant potential
Hyperplastic and inflammatory
Inflammatory polyps-occur in long-standing ____
IBD
Is CRC more common in developed or underdeveloped counties
developed
What components in diet may be protective against CRC
Ca++ and folate
Increases risk for CRC
Age and FH IBD colitits Lack of exercise Consumption of red meat Obesity Smoking ETOH use
Decreases risk for CRC
Multivitamins containing folic acid Aspirin and NSAIDs HRT (post menopausal) Ca++ supplement Selenium Inc fiber in diet (veggies and fruit)
How does CRC present in the right vs left colon
Left = obstructive symptoms and overt bleeding
Right: occult bleeding and anemia
Apple core lesion
Barium enema shows this in the diagnosis of CRC
Goals of colonoscopy
Locates lesions, removes polyps, and biopsies lesions
What determines the prognosis of CRC
Extent of invasion (how deep it goes)
Is chemo used to treat CRC?
Yes, but as an adjuvant in pts with + nodes
Surgery is the mainstay