GI / LIVER PATHOLOGY Flashcards
Is the epithelial structure of the oesophageus absorptive?
No
Where would you find the stratified squamous epithelium?
Oesophageus
Is the epithelial surface of the stomach absorptive?
Yes
What type of cells does the stomach contain?
Parietal cells
What are the three muscle layers in the stomach?
Longitudinal, circular, oblique
What is the duodenum lined with?
Simple columnar epithelial cells
What are the muscle layers of the duodenum?
Longitudinal and circular
What is the jejunum and illeum lined with?
Simple columnar epithelium
What are the four histological layers of the GI tract?
Mucosa, submucosa, musclularis externa, serosa and adventitia
What is Crohn’s disease?
Inflammation anywhere from the mouth to anus, but is discontinuous
What is ulcerative colitis?
Inflammation of the colon, beginning from the rectum and usually stopping at the large intestine
What happens in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis?
Macrophages and neutrophils attack the intestinal wall and the inflammatory responses causes damages to the intestinal walls
How many layers of intestinal wall are damaged in Crohn’s disease?
3 layers - transmural inflammation
How many layers of the intestinal wall is damaged in ulcerative colitis?
Two - mucosa and submucosal
Where is the Peyers Patch?
In the ileum and resides in submucosa
What is the hepatic artery?
Provides oxygenated blood to the liver
What is the portal vein?
Provides deoxygenated blood to the liver
What is a sinusoid?
Main site for blood flow in the liver
What is fenestrated epithelium?
Gaps present in the endothelium
What are stellate cells?
Storage for vitamin A and respond to injury
What are Kupferr cells?
Macrophages that migrate to the liver and aid in phagocytosis
What are hepatocytes?
Control cellular functions e.g. bile production, protein metabolism
