GI Lab Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

T/F LFTs may be normal in patient’s who have advanced liver disease

A

true

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2
Q

T/F Abnormal LFTs are only caused by diseases related to the liver

A

false, can be caused by diseases unrelated to the liver

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3
Q

Name the serum aminotransferases that are released into circulation when hepatocytes are injured

A

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Aspartate aminotranferase (AST)

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4
Q

Refers to a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of organic phosphates. Elevation reflects obstruction to the liver

A

alkaline phosphatase

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5
Q

Produced by heme metabolism

A

bilirubin

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6
Q

relates to only hepatobiliary disease but does not differentiate it obstructive from hepatocellular damage

A

conjugated bilirubin

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7
Q

occurs when conjugated (direct) bilirubin levels are high

A

bilirubinuria

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8
Q

adheres tightly to albumin and does not get filtered by the kidneys

A

unconjugated bilirubin

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9
Q

Becomes elevated in hepatic encephalopathy

A

ammonia

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10
Q

Most accurate method of drawing ammonia level

A

get an arterial sample

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11
Q

What does clay colored stool indicate?

A

biliary obstruction

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12
Q

What does black colored stool indicate?

A

blood in stool

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13
Q

If stool has a tarry color, how much blood is likely to be in the upper GI tract?

A

> 100mL

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14
Q

Sometimes found in stool with parasitic infections (esp amebiasis)

A

Charcot-Leyden crystals

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15
Q

Most common cause of infectious diarrhea

A

viruses

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16
Q

Treatment for C. difficle colitis

A

metronidazole (Flagyl). 2nd line- ORAL vancomycin

17
Q

2-3 X normal is abnormal and indicates pancreatic problem such as pancreatitis, trauma, tumor, common bile duct stones, penetrating PU

A

amylase

18
Q

Decreased in marked destruction of pancreas or severe liver damage

A

amylase

19
Q

Increased in acute pancreatitis, obstruction of pancreatic duct, acute cholecystitis, small bowel obstruction, acute and chronic renal failure, alcohol-ism, DKA, chronic liver disease

A

lipase