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Nursing Test 3 > GI Lab > Flashcards

GI Lab Flashcards

0
Q

What things should you avoid 1-2 days before Guiac testing

A

Red meats and things that would make test turn +

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1
Q

What does Guiac Testing test for

A

Occult blood

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2
Q

What color does a positive Guiac test turn

A

Blue

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3
Q

What should you confirm with females before Guiac testing

A

That they are not mensturating

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4
Q

What should stool specimens not be contaminated with

A

Urine

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5
Q 
C&S or ova and parasites 
Solid stool:
Liquid stool: 
Container:
To lab:
A

Solid stool: 1 inch of solid stool
Liquid stool: 15-30 ml
Container: should be sterile
To lab: immediately, needs to be warm

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6
Q

What do enemas stimulate

A

Peristalsis using high volume or irritating solution

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7
Q

Enemas are the installation of liquid into the ______and ________

A

Rectum and sigmoid colon

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8
Q

What type of enema would you not give somebody with CHF

A

Tap water. They would gain fluid

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9
Q

Characteristics of tap water enema

A

High volume hypotonic; water leaves bowel and enters interstitial space; risk of fluid overload

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10
Q

Normal saline enema characteristics

A

High volume; isotonic; no fluid exchange

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11
Q

Characteristics of soap suds enema

A

Intestinal irritant added to either tap water or normal saline

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12
Q

Characteristics of a fleet enema

A

Low volume; irritating hypertonic solution; pulls fluid into bowel, causing distention; not for dehydrated patients

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13
Q

How is a oil retention enema different

A

Client instructed to retain as long as possible- at least 30 min up to 2 hours

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14
Q

What does the oil retention enema do

A

Lubricates rectum & colon; feces absorb oil & soften

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15
Q

What would be done before a big surgery to make sure no stool in bowel

A

“Enemas until clear”

Give cleansing enema until only clear fluid expelled, no more than 3

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16
Q

What do you use to lubricate for a enema

A

Water soluble lubricant

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17
Q

How far do you insert for an enema

A

3-4 inches . You have to get past sphincter for liquids to stay in

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18
Q

What is procedure for Fleets & Pre-packaged enemas

A

Squeeze container until empty

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19
Q

Procedure for giving a volume enema

A
  • Warm solution to 100-105 degrees F
  • prime tubing
  • bag held MAX of 24 inches above hips
  • NEVER on an IV pole
  • instill slowly
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20
Q

What will happen if you put a enema in fast

A

Cramps

21
Q

Indications of digital removal of stool

A

Impacted mass

22
Q

What can digital removal of stool cause

A

Irritation, bleeding, vagal stimulation (slows HR)

23
Q

Where does a NG tube go

A

Nose to stomach

24
Q

What is a NG tube used for

A

Used for suction or feeding & meds

25
Q

Measurement for a NG tube

A

Nose to earlobe to xiphoid process

26
Q

When inserting a NG tube and client feels tube at back of throat what should you have them do?

A

Swallow

27
Q

Where should a NG tube enter? Where should it not enter? Why?

A

Should enter esophagus,not the lungs. This is because epiglottis is closed

28
Q

Indications that a NG tube is in lung

A

Respiratory distress

Coughing

29
Q

What should you do with a accidental respiratory NG tube placement?

A

Take out and start over

30
Q

When must you verify NG tube placement

A

Initial placement and then before any feeding or meds

31
Q

How should you verify initial NG tube at the bedside

A

1 assess the patients respiratory response

*causes gagging and discomfort, NOT coughing
#2 assessment of gastric contents
*pull back and see what is there

32
Q

What color is normal fluid when aspirating
Stomach: ?
Lungs: ?

A

Stomach : grassy green, off-white, tan, clear; may have undigested food particles or formula

Lungs: clear or slightly tan, like mucus

33
Q

How to use pH to confirm NG tube placement

A

Stomach: pH of 0-4 or 5
Lungs: pH 6 or higher

*problem with this is locating pH paper

34
Q

What is only absolute placement verification

A

X-Ray

Upper abdomen/KUB

35
Q

When securing a NG tube what should you do

A
  • Tape carefully, without tension on nares

- mark the level of the tube at the nose with a permanent marker & measure external portion

36
Q

When is a NG suction used

A

When GI tract is not functioning

37
Q

What should you attach NG suction to? Why?

A

Attach to low intermittent suction it causes less trauma to stomach and mucosal lining

38
Q

What is a Blue “pigtail” on Salem sump used for

A

Used for NOTHING

it’s function is a air vent that allows air exchange which reduces the pressure of auctioning on stomach lining

39
Q

What is a NI tube? Where is it placed?

A

Nasointestinal tube
The end of the tube is weighted with mercury
Placement into stomach

40
Q

Why is a NI tube secured
What position should pt be in?
How long does it take?

A

Secured so that peristalsis can carry it past sphincter into intestine
24-48 hrs, position on right side, semi-Fowlers

41
Q

What must a patient have to use enteral (tube) feedings

A

Functional GI tract

42
Q

What is preferred IV or tube feedings?

A

Tube feedings

43
Q

What are two choices for tube feedings

A

Stomach or intestinal

44
Q

Which type of tube feeding can only be given as a continuous drip

A

Intestinal

45
Q

Which type of tube feeding is more natural

A

Stomach

46
Q

What should you do when checking residual of a stomach tube feeding

A

If > 50% of last feed, return residual and hold feeding. Call dr for order

47
Q

Is there residual with intestinal tube feeding

A

No residual

48
Q

What can be used for long term feeding

A

Gastrostomy (G-tube)

49
Q

At what speed should you give a tube feeding

A

Give SLOWLY

no faster than you would drink

50
Q

How often should you change bag and tubing of a feeding tube

A

Every 24 hours

51
Q

What is a Flexi-seal system

A

Indwelling system used to manage fecal incontinence; liquid stool; when full replace the bag

Nursing Test 3 (10 decks)

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