Genitourinary System Flashcards
Who have larger bladders? Men or women
Men
What 3 things do we have to watch for with someone on dialysis
Sodium
Potassium
Phosphorus
What is the basic functional unit of the kidney
Nephrons
Remove waste from the blood to form urine
Kidneys
Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder
Ureters
Reservoir for urine until the urge to urinate develops
Bladder
Urine travels from the bladder and exits through the urethral meatus
Urethra
What is the function of the kidneys
To regulate the volume and composition of extra cellular fluid
Control blood pressure
Do your kidneys decrease or increase with age
Decrease
About 20-30% between age of 30-90
What is one major health issue that leads to issues with kidney failure
Atherosclerosis
Do you lose glomeruli function as you age
Yes
TPN
Total parental nutrition
Special fluid that contains multiple nutrients that is feed through tubes
During your assessment of GU what 3 things do you ask about
Past health history
Medications
Surgery or other treatments
A person with a kidney issue has a foul smell to their breath. What is the smell
Ammonia
What happens to renal patients’ skin
Palor/yellow
Tutor changes
Bruise easily
If ______ is showing edema it is severe
Face
What do you do if you cannot palate a kidney
It’s okay, they are hard to find
What does it mean if a bladder is distended
Full of urine
What percussion test do you want to perform with a renal patient
CVA tenderness
What are the two simplest ways to study the urinary system
BUN and creatinine
What do you have to worry about then doing the intravenous pyelogram test of the urniary system
Can send people into total renal failure
May be allergic to dye
Are the multiple or few tests to do for the urinary system
MULTIPLE
Are uti’s common
Yes, most common bacterial infection in women
What other system can a uti interfere with
Cognitive function
If a patient experiences ____ uti’s in ____ months they must see a urologist
3
6
What MUST you treat uti’s with
Antibiotic
They will not clear up on their own
Nursing goals for uti patients
Relieve pain
Prevent upper urinary tract involvement
Prevent of recurrence
Why does cranberry juice help with uti’s
Changes pH that bacteria doesn’t like and then they want to leave your body
Pyelonephritis
Acute or chronic
Inflammation of the renal parenchyma and collecting system
What is pyelonephritis usually caused by
Bacterial infection
Symptoms of pyelonephritis
Fatigue Chills/fever Vomiting Malaise Flank pain Costovertebral tenderness
What are you in danger for with acute pyelonephritis
Urosepsis
Toxic shock
Death
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of glomeruli
Affects both kidneys equally
Symptoms of glomerulonephritis
Hematuria
Edema
Htn
Abdominal or flank pain
Who is more prone to urinary incontinence
Women
How can you help with urinary incontinence
Kegel exercises
Drug/surgery therapy
Scheduled voids
How can you help with urinary retention
Scheduled toileting
Drug/surgery
Intermittent catheterization
