GI I Flashcards
What are the antacids used for ulcer treatment and GERD?
Calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.
What are the side effects of magnesium hydroxide?
Diarrhea (laxative) and magnesium toxicity in renal disease.
Which antacid is contraindicated in renal failure? Which is useful for patients with renal failure?
Contraindicated: magnesium hydroxide
Useful: aluminum hydroxide
What are the anticholinergics used for ulcer treatment? What do they do?
Atropine sulfate, propantheline and metantheline bromide.
Decrease acid secretion and spasm.
What do all the H2 receptor blockers end in?
“-tidine”
What are H2 receptor blockers used for?
Ulcer treatment, GERD, prophylactically for stress ulcers
What is one important thing to remember about H2 receptor blockers?
Never stop use abruptly; may lead to rebound acidity.
What is a PGE analog used for ulcer treatment. What is its specific use?
Misoprostol
It is used for prevention of NSAID-induced gastic ulcers. (Cannot be used in pregnancy)
What do all the H/K/ATPase inhibitors end in?
“-prazole”
WHich two H/K/ATPase inhibitors are used for H. pylori treatments?
Omeprazole and Lansoprazole
Which H/K/ATPase inhibitor has the most P450 inhibition? Which has the least? Which has the highest bioavailability?
Most: omeprazole
Least: pantoprazole (none)
Bioavailability: lansoprazole
What are the two mechanical protectors? What is their mechanism?
Sucralfate and Bismuth salts
The coat the ulcer crater and increase mucosal resistance
What are Sucralfate and Bismuth salts used for? What are their side effects?
Ulcer treatment and H. pylori.
Bismuth salts turn black in stomach and make stool black.
