GI Histo II Flashcards
Mucosa in the large intestine has what kind of epithelium
Simple columnar with abundant goblet cells & lymphoid nodules
Does the mucosa of the large intestine have folds or villi
NO
Taenia coli instead of the outer longitudinal muscle layer is located here in the large intestine
Muscularis externa
Has epiploic appendices in the large intestine
Serosa/adventitia
What are the components of the large intestine
Ascending, transverse, descending, & sigmoid colon; upper anus & cecum
Narrow lumen with abundant lymphoid nodules in the submucosa that can infiltrate the lamina propria
Vermiform appendix (no taenia coli)
Mucosa of the anal canal is different upper vs lower by how
Upper - simple columnar epithelium
Lower - stratified squamous epithelium
Submucosa of the anal canal has large _____
Apocrine sweat glands & sebaceous glands
The muscularis externa of the anal canal is different upper vs lower by how
Upper - smooth muscles to from the internal anal sphincter
Lower - skeletal muscle from the puborectalis muscles that forms the external anal sphincter
Function: moisten & lubricate food for swallowing
Salivary gland
What are the three major salivary glands
- Submandibular
- Sublingual
- Parotid (largest)
How to tell the difference in slides of the salivary gland cells: serous vs mucous
Serous - dark & dense, organized as acinus or demilune
Mucous - wispy clouds, tubular organization
Short, cuboidal cells in the salivary glands
Intercalated ducts
Joining of several intercalated ducts; radial striations extend from base to nucleus within the cell (salivary gland cell)
Striated duct
Large diameter, large lumen, stratified cuboidal cells, outside of lobules (salivary gland cell)
Excretory duct
____ gland has all serous cells; secretes amylase, maltase, & sialomucin
Parotid
____ gland has 20% mucous & 80% serous acini
Submandibular (sero-mucous)
____ gland has mostly mucous cells in acini
Sublingual gland
Largest gland with a thin capsule & a reticular CT network forming the storms that supports the vasculature penetrating the parenchyma
Liver
Portal triads of the liver consist of
- Bile duct
- Hepatic artery - supplies oxygen rich blood to liver
- Hepatic portal vein - carries venous blood with nutrients from digestive viscera (large lumen/thin wall)
Enlarged, leaky capillaries, Lind with endothelial cels located between hepatic plates in a radial orientation; mixed arterial & venous blood flow TOWARDS central vein
Liver sinusoids
Separates the sinusoid endothelium from the hepatocytes; fluid flow towards lymphatic vessels OPPOSITE that of the blood flow (towards periphery)
Space of Disse
Hepatic macrophages found in the liver sinusoid wall
Kupffer cells
Found in the space of Disse, also store the retinyl esters of vitamin A
Ito cells
Secreted bile flows between hepatocytes within the ______ towards the bile ducts in the portal triads
Bile canaliculi
There are ___ interaction of bile with blood
NO
Hexagonal shaped with central vein in the middle & portal triad at periphery (based on blood flow - mixed blood)
Classic lobule
Based on bile flow - triangular shaped
Portal lobule
Base on changes of O@, nutrients toxin content in the blood; diamond shaped
Hepatic acinus
Serous, compound - acinus gland resembles parotid gland, except NO STRIATED DUCTS
Pancreas
What are the two cell types of the pancreas
- Pancreatic acinar cell
2. Centroacinar cells
Serous cells which are basophils; have have zymogen granules that contain: trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen, carboxypeptidase, ribonuclease, DNAase, lipase, elastase, amylase
Pancreatic acinar cell
Make bicarbonate rich fluid to neutralize acid in duodenum in response to secretin (how to determine pancreas)
Centroacinar cells
The gallbladder has mucosa that is ________ with lamina propria
Simple columnar epithelium
Function of the gallbladder (cholecyst) is to
Store & concentrate 30-50ml bile
Bile salts are cholesterol derivatives that:
- Emulsify fat
- Facilitate fat & cholesterol absorption
- Help solubilize cholesterol
