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Histo II > Female Reproductive > Flashcards

Female Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

what features are within the vulva

A
  1. labia majora
  2. labia minora
  3. clitoris
  4. bartholin’s gland (vestibular glands)
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2
Q

paired almond-shaped organs found lateral to the uterus in the true pelvis

A

ovary

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3
Q

ovaries are suspended posterior of the _______ and by the ______ to the uterus

A

broad ligament

proper ovarial ligament

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4
Q

what 2 functions does the ovaries have

A
  1. produce haploid (1n) gamete - ovum

2. produce steroid hormones

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5
Q

what steroid hormones does the ovary produce

A
  1. estrogen
  2. progesterone
  3. androgens
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6
Q

what are the 4 regions of the ovary

A
  1. germinal epithelium
  2. tunica albuginea
  3. cortical region
  4. medullary region
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7
Q

ovary: has no germ cells
- most external layer
- majority of ovarina neoplastic growth (cancer)

A

germinal epithelium

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8
Q

ovary: deep to germinal epithelium and has whitish, dense CT appearance

A

tunica albuginea

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9
Q

ovary: oocytes predominate within the STROMA

A

cortical region

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10
Q

ovary: vasculature and loose CT in this area: contains small groupings of cells that may produce androgens

A

medullary region

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11
Q

process where diploid (2n) oogonium is converted to a haploid (1n) ovum

A

oogenesis

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12
Q

(fetal) present after 3rd month of development; undergo mitosis to produce more oocytes

A

oogonia (2n)

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13
Q

oogonium/oocyte surrounded by simple squamous follicle cell layer

A

primordial follicle (2n)

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14
Q

growing, postpubescent primordial oocyte with a cuboidal follicle cell layer arrested in diplotene stage of meiosis I

A

primary follicle (2n)

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15
Q

what are the two stages of the primary follicle

A
  1. unilaminar primary follicle

2. multilaminar primary follicle

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16
Q

primary follicle: oocyte with simple cuboidal layer; no antrum

A

unilaminar

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17
Q

primary follicle: multiple follicular cell layers

A

multilaminar

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18
Q

secondary oocyte surrounded by a well developed stratum granulosum

A

secondary follicle (N)

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19
Q

secondary follicle (N) is stimulated by

A

FSH

20
Q

what 3 layers does the secondary follicle consist of

A
  1. antral cavity filled with liquor folliculi
  2. theca folliculi
    - theca interna: produce androstenedione -> estrogen
  3. granulosa (follicular) layer
21
Q

secondary oocyte which has matured to preovulatory status. largest of the follicles and found extending through cortex

A

mature (graafian follicle)

22
Q

mature (graafian follicle) consists of

A
  1. cumulus oophorus

2. corona radiata

23
Q

mature (graafian follicle): thickened stratum granulosum which has formed a suspending “cloud: for the secondary oocyte

A

cumulus oophorus

24
Q

mature (graafian follicle): cells from the cumulus oophorus that immediately surround the oocyte

A

corona radiata

25
Q

fertilized secondary oocyte that has completed the secondary meiotic division and has formed also, a 2nd polar body

A

ovum (N)

26
Q

occurs around day 14 of a 28 cycle; stimulated by LH

A

ovulation

27
Q

temporary endocrine glandL sustained for 10-12 days if fertilization does not occur

A

corpus luteum

28
Q

what is the corpus luteum composed of

A
  1. granulosa lutein cells

2. theca lutein cells

29
Q

corpus luteum: enlarged granulosa cells which form the stroma and secrete progesterone

A

granulosa lutein cells

30
Q

corpus luteum: small, dark staining cells which secrete estrogen

A

theca lutein cells

31
Q

dense CT remnant of corpus luteum that is white in appearance

A

corpus albicans

32
Q

degenerated follicles at different stages: some thecal cells may remain and become interstitial cells in cortex which secretes androgens

A

atretic follicle

33
Q

what 3 layers make up the uterine (fallopian) tube

A
  1. mucosa
  2. muscularis
  3. serosa
34
Q

uterine (fallopian) tubes:
simple columnar ciliated epithelium
peg (non-cilated) - secretory cell that aids ovum movement towards uterus

A

mucosa

35
Q

what are the 3 uterine wall layers

A
  1. endometrium
  2. myometrium
  3. adventitia/serosa
36
Q

uterus wall: 2 zones

  1. functional layer (stratum functionale) - coiled arteries
  2. basal layer (stratum basale) - straight arteries
A

endometrium

37
Q

estrogen and progesterone from ovary stimulate changes in the endometrium

A

menstrual cycle

38
Q

what are the main phases of the menstrual cycle

A
  1. menstrual phase 1-4
  2. proliferative phase (follicular) 5-14
  3. ovulation - day 14
  4. secretory phase (luteal) 15-28
39
Q

phase stimulated by estrogen produced by theca cells of ovarian folicle

A

proliferative phase (follicular)

40
Q

phase where corpus luteum forms and produces progesterone

A

secretory phase (luteal)

41
Q

during this phase the progesterone and estrogen levels decrease

A

menstrual phase

42
Q

cervix: part found in the uterus, lined by mucous secreting simple columnar epithelium

A

endocervix

43
Q

cervix: part of cervix in upper vagina, has stratified squamous nonkeratinized epith.

A

ectocervix

44
Q

cervical mucosa has mucous glands called _____ which become cystic

A

nabothian glands

45
Q

15-25 lobes of compound tubuloacinar glands that are very similar to apocrine sweat glands

A

mammary glands

Histo II (8 decks)

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