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Histo II > Development of Digestive System > Flashcards

Development of Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

lateral plates fold and meet at midline into the embryo forming the

A

primitive gut tube

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2
Q

cranial fold will incorporate the part of the endoderm (primitive gut tube) forming the

A

foregut

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3
Q

remains in contact with the yolk stalk because it is not completely enclosed by the lateral plates of mesoderm

A

midgut region

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4
Q

caudal fold incorporates endodermal tissue which will become

A

hindgut region of the primitive gut tube

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5
Q

the ____ of the primitive gut tube develops into the epithelial lining and glands of the digestive system

A

endoderm

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6
Q

the ____ develops into smooth muscle, connective tissue, and outer layers of abdomen organs

A

splanchnic mesoderm

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7
Q

depressed area of surface ectoderm that develops near the anteriormost endoderm of the foregut

A

stomodeum

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8
Q

depression in ectoderm that forms near the caudal end of the hindgut

A

proctodeum (lower anus)

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9
Q

elongates and develops into the pharynx, esophagus, thyroid, stomach, and the proximal portion of the duodenum

A

foregut

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10
Q

all foregut organs, except pharynx, respiratory epithelium and esophagus, are vascularized by branches of

A

celiac artery

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11
Q

at what week does the stomach in for foregut rotate 90* clockwise @ the long axis

A

week 4

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12
Q

the enlarged dorsal border of the stomach will become

A

the greater curvature of the stomach

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13
Q

during the stomach rotation, ventral border rotates ___ and dorsal border rotates ____

A

ventral -> right

dorsal -> left

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14
Q

as the stomach rotates, it pulls the dorsal mesentery to the LEFT forming the

A

omental bursa (lesser sac)

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15
Q

large recess in the peritoneal cavity

A

omental bursa

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16
Q

liver and bilary duct system arise from the ____ within the ventral mesentery

A

foregut

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17
Q

in week 4 of the liver production, a ______ forms which is connected to the _______

A

hepatic diverticulum, septum transversum

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18
Q

what are the two parts the hepatic diverticulum divide into

A
  1. cranial portion

2. smaller caudal portion

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19
Q

all ligaments that attach to the liver are derived from

A

ventral mesentery

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20
Q

the liver is covered with visceral peritoneum except at the

A

bare area

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21
Q

pancreas forms a ___ and ___ pancreatic bud

A

dorsal and ventral

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22
Q

head of pancreas and uncinate process is which bud of the pancreas

A

ventral

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23
Q

body and tail of the pancreas is which bud

A

dorsal bud

24
Q

failure in fusion of the pancreatic duct system lead to an

A

accessory pancreatic duct

25
Q

2nd half of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and portions of the large intestine are developed from

A

midgut

26
Q

midgut structures are vascularized by branches of what

A

superior mesenteric artery

27
Q

week 6, midgut elongates, U shaped loop of the gut projects into the umbilical cord

A

physiological umbilical herniation

28
Q

within the umbilical cord, the midgut loop forms a ____ and ____ limb

A

caudal and cranial

29
Q

________ 90 degree rotation around the SMA occurs bringing the cranial limb to the right and caudal loop to the left

A

counterclockwise

30
Q

10 weeks, intestines will return to abdomen and in there rotates an additional ____ around ___ called ____

A

180 degrees around SMA

physiological midgut hernia reduction

31
Q

physiological umbilical hernia anomaly: protrusion of abdominal organs without involving the umbilical cord, through a linear defect in abdominal wall

A

gastroschisis

32
Q

physiological umbilical hernia anomaly: persistence of the herniated abdominal contents into the proximal umbilical cord

A

congenital omphalocele

33
Q

yolk sac is initially wide communication with the midgut that gets compressed into a stalk when folding into cylindrical embryo occurs. the stalk may persist as a diverticulum off the ILEUM or as a cord from the umbilicus. cord may be fibrous or may have a cyst

A

meckel’s diverticulum

34
Q

innervation of the hindgut

A

p/s: pelvic splanchnic S2-S4

sym: superior hypogastric plexus via IMG

35
Q

hindgut structures are vascularized via

A

inferior mesenteric artery

36
Q

week 7, caudal part of hindgut, the ____, is divided by the urorectal septum into the urogential sinus (urethra and bladder) and the rectum

A

cloaca (closes off anus)

37
Q

superior 2/3 anal canal derived from

A

hindgut (columnar epith)

38
Q

inferior 1/3 anal canal derived from

A

proctodeum (stratified squamous epith)

39
Q

what line indicated the zone transition of endoderm to ectoderm where anal membrane once was

A

pectinate line

40
Q

what mesentery extends from the lower esophagus to the cloacal region

A

dorsal

41
Q

double layer of dorsal mesentery forming an apron that attaches at the greater curvature of the stomach and at the transverse colon is

A

greater omentum

42
Q

limited structure that is only found around the liver

A

ventral mesentery

43
Q

between the liver and anterior abdominal wall is, ventral mesentery becomes the

A

falciform ligament

44
Q

caudal end of falciform ligament becomes the _____ (_____ in adult_ carrying what kind of blood

A

round ligament of the liver (ligamentum teres)

oxygenated

45
Q

between the stomach and liver is the

A

lesser omentum

46
Q

lesser omentum is comprised of what two adult ligaments

A

hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal (portal triad)

47
Q

surrounding the bare area of the liver, ventral mesentery becomes

A

R an L triangular ligaments and coronary ligament

48
Q

structures posterior to abdominal wall end up behind the

A

parietal peritoneum

49
Q

parietal peritoneum thus becomes

A

retroperitoneal

50
Q

kidneys, 3/4 of duodenum, and pancreas are located where

A

retroperitoneum

51
Q

what 3 veins drain into the sinus venous

A
  1. vitelline veins
  2. common cardinal veins
  3. umbilical veins
52
Q

veins that drain the yolk sac and become portal system

A

vitelline veins

53
Q

drains the anterior cardinal vein and posterior cardinal vein, and become the systemic venous system

A

common cardinal vein

54
Q

vein that receives oxygenated blood from the placenta. obliterates and becomes the ligamentum teres of the liver

A

umbilical vein

55
Q

what are the arteries that supply the yolk sac

A

vitelline arteries

56
Q

the vitelline arteries later become

A

celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric arteries

57
Q

arteries that carry lesser oxygenated blood obliterate and become medial umbilical ligametns

A

umbilical arteries

Histo II (8 decks)

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