GI & GU Emergencies

Question 1

What does DCAPBTLS stand for?

Answer 1

Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Penetrations/Perforations
Burns
Tenderness
Laceration
Swelling

Question 2

What is hematemesis?

Answer 2

Blood vomit

Question 3

What is an esophageal varice?

Answer 3

Dilation of esophageal veins due to liver damage/failure. Usually caused by alcohol consumption

S/S
Hematemesis
Nausea
Hypotension
Chest/epigastric pain
Difficulty swallowing

Question 4

What are signs and symptoms of an esophageal varice?

Answer 4

Hematemesis
Nausea
Hypotension
Chest/epigastric pain
Difficulty swallowing

Question 5

What causes upper GI bleeds and what does the stool look like?

Answer 5

Caused by PUD, esophageal varice, etc.

Dark tarry/coffee ground stool

Question 6

What causes lower GI bleed and what does the stool look like?

Answer 6

Caused by diverticulitis, colitis, IBD, colon cancer, hemorrhoids, etc.

Bright red blood in stool

Question 7

In what group is appendicitis more common?

Answer 7

Pediatrics and Adolescents

Question 8

In what group are UTIs more common?

Answer 8

Geriatric Pts especially with a catheter

Question 9

What causes chronic kidney failure?

Answer 9

Diabetes and hypertension

Question 10

What causes acute kidney failure?

Answer 10

trauma, hemorrhage, sepsis, heart failure, medication abuse, kidney stones

Question 11

What happens when a Pt misses dialysis treatments

Answer 11

AMS, lethargy, nausea, cramps, edema