Endocrine

Question 1

What two hormones normally come out of the pancreas?

Answer 1

Glucagon and insulin

Question 2

What are the islets of Langrehans?

Answer 2

Where glucagon and insulin are made in the pancreas

Question 3

What is type 1 diabetes?

Answer 3

Autoimmune response against insulin-producing cells in pancreas

Question 4

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 4

Lifestyle-related insulin resistance

Can be reversed

Question 5

What is gestational diabetes?

Answer 5

Response to hormonal changes during pregnancy

Question 6

Signs of hypoglycemia

Answer 6

quick onset
cool, pale, diaphoretic

Question 7

Signs of hyperglycemia

Answer 7

slow onset
polyuria (peeing a lot)
polydipsia (super thirsty)
polyphagia (super hungry)

Question 8

Is hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia more serious?

Answer 8

Hypoglycemia

Question 9

What is a normal BGL?

Answer 9

80-120

Question 10

What is DKA?

Answer 10

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Kussmaul’s respirations
Fruity/acetone breath
rapid pulse
rapid presentation (within hours)
Generally type 1

Question 11

What is HHS?

Answer 11

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

AMS/general malaise
rapid pulse
lacks the ketone production
slower presentation (within days)
Generally type 2

Question 12

Is DKA associated with high or low blood sugar? Generally type 1 or type 2?

Answer 12

hyperglycemia

Type 1

Question 13

Is HHS associated with high or low blood sugar? Generally type 1 or 2?

Answer 13

hyperglycemia

Type 2

Question 14

What are Kussmaul’s respirations? What are they associated with?

Answer 14

Very hard and very fast breathing

Associated with DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis)

Question 15

Treatment of hypoglycemia

Answer 15

ABC’s
Medication administration (oral glucose if does not compromise airway)
Transport decision

Question 16

Treatment of hyperglycemia

Answer 16

ABC’s
Transport

Question 17

What is Cushing’s disease?

Answer 17

Increased cortisol production

Hyperadrenalism:
Weight gain
“Moon face and buffalo hump”
Extremity muscle wasting
Easy bruising

Question 18

What is Addison’s disease?

Answer 18

Not enough cortisol

Hypoadrenalism

Question 19

Grave’s Disease

Answer 19

Autoimmune disease causing body to produce too much thyroxine

hyperthyroidism:
bulging eyes

Question 20

Myxedema coma

Answer 20

Lack of thyroid hormone

hypothyroidism

Question 21

Cushing’s disease and Addison’s disease are related to what?

Answer 21

Cortisol production in the adrenal gland

Question 22

Grave’s disease and myxedema coma are related to what?

Answer 22

Thyroid function