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Drugs > GI Drugs > Flashcards

GI Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What histamine blockers reduce the amount of acid secreted in the stomach? What secondary G protein mechanism do they work by?

A

1) H2 receptor blockers

2) Gs protein

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2
Q

Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine

A

Think: take H2 blockers before you DINE. table for two (H2)

H2 blockers

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3
Q

What are side effects of cimetidine?

A

1) Inhibits p450 system
2) Can cause gynecomastia (antiandrogenic effects)
3) Decrease renal excretion of creatinine

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4
Q 
Omeprazole
Lansprazole
Esomeprazole
Pantoprazole
Dexlansoprazole
A

Proton pump inhibitors

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5
Q

Long acting somatostatin analog

A

Octreotide

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6
Q

What are the clinical uses of octreotide?

A

1) VIPoma
2) Carcinoid tumor
3) Variceal bleeds
4) Acromegaly

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7
Q

Side effect of aluminum hydroxide

A

Constipation

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8
Q

Magnesium hydroxide

A

Diarrhea

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9
Q

5-HT3 antagonist with powerful central acting antiemetic effects

A

Ondansetron

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10
Q

D2 receptor antagonist. Increases resting tone, contractility, LES tone, motility; used as an antiemetic

A

Metclopramide

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11
Q

MOA of Metformin

A

1) Act on AMP depedent protein kinase causing decreased gluconeogenesis, increased glycolysis, and increased peripheral glucose uptake

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12
Q

Adverse effects of metformin

A

1) Lactic acidosis (contraindicated in renal failure)

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13
Q 
Tolbutamide
Chlorpropamide
Glyburide
Glimepiride
Glipizide
A

Sulfonylureas

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14
Q

MOA of sulfonylureas

A

1) Closes K channel in beta cell membrane
2) Depolarization occurs triggering insulin release via Ca influx
3) Stimulates the release of insulin in type 2 DM

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15
Q

Pioglitazone

Rosiglitazone

A

Glitazones/thiazolidinediones

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16
Q

MOA of Glitazones

A

1) Increase insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue
2) Binds to PPAR-gamma nuclear transcription regulator (regulates fatty acid storage and glucose metabolism)
3) Used as monotherapy for DM2

17
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin analog

18
Q

MOA of Pramlintide

A

1) Decreases glucagon

2) Increases satiety

19
Q

Acarbose

Miglitol

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

20
Q

MOA of alpha glucosidase inhibitors

A

Inhibit intestinal brush border alpha glucosidases; delayed sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption

21
Q

Exenatide

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 analogs

22
Q

MOA of GLP-1 analogs

A

1) Given by injection

2) Increase insulin and decrease glucagon release

23
Q

Linaglipitin
Saxagliptin
Sitaglipitin

A

DPP-4 inhibitors

24
Q

MOA of DPP-4 inhibitors

A

1) Increase insulin and decrease glucagon

25
Q

Adverse effects of GLP-1 analogs?

A

Acute pancreatitis

26
Q

What is the adverse effect of thiazolidinediones

A

1) Contraindicated in patients with CHF
2) Weight gain
3) Edema
4) Hepato and cardiovascular toxicity

Drugs (13 decks)

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