GI diseases II: Coeliac and IBS Flashcards
1
Q
What is coeliac disease
A
- Auto immune disorder
- NOT an allergy or intolerance
- Extreme reaction to foods containing gluten
- Damages small intestine
- Villi in GIT becomes inflammed and damaged
2
Q
Why do people with coeliac often have deficiencies like anaemia
A
- Due to damaged villi
- Reduces ability to absorb nutrients
3
Q
SYM, Dx, risk factors and Treatment of coeliac
A
- SYM: stomach pain/bloating/cramps, nausea, diarrhoea, weight loss, mouth ulcers, depression
- Dx: Endoscopy, biopsy or stereological test (
- Risk factors: Family history, Type 1 diabetes, down syndrome, thyroid disease
- TM: GF diet, take vitamin supplements
4
Q
How do w monitor people with coeliac disease and how often
A
- Annual review
- Weight and height
- Symptoms
- Adherence to GF diet
- Need for specialist dietician
5
Q
What is the difference between a disease and syndrome
A
6
Q
What is IBS , and what causes it
A
- During digestion peristalsis occurs
- IBS patients have greater sensitivity to the way their intestines are moving (pain)
- CAUSE: unknown, suggested could be ovarian hormones, fat, GI surgery, lack of fibre
7
Q
IBS: SYM, Dx, diagnosis
A
- SYM: Abdominal pain, Bloating, Cramps, urge to pee, constipation and diarrhea, mucus from bum, anxiety, headaches, tiredness
- DIAG: Any of ABC for at least 6 months, no actual test but you must eliminate other conditions like full blood count, coeliac, IBD
- Dx: NON: PHARM: lifestyle, physical activity, diet, nutrition, take priobiotics for four weeks to assess impact
- PHARM:
8
Q
What are the two types of dyspepsia
A
9
Q
Treatment of dyspepsia: Pharmacological and non pharmacological
A
10
Q
What is gastritis and its cause
A
- Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
- It is a condition where the lining of the stomach becomes inflamed and can be either acute (recent onset) or chronic (long-term.)
- CAUSE: by NSAIDs, H.pylori, excessive alcohol and smoking
11
Q
Gastritis symptoms, treatment, diagnosis
A
- DIAGNOSIS: endoscopy, or breath test or poo for H.pylori
- SYM: indigestion, vomiting, feeling full, buring stomach pain
- TREATMENT: Diet (spicy foods), antacids, alginates, PPI, antibiotics for H.pylori
12
Q
How do histamine H2 antagonists work name some examples, side effects
A
- Histamine act on H2 receptors to stimulate production of acid in parietal cells
- These drugs stop this (antagonist)
- Cimetidine was the first one
- Most common is cimetidine and ranitidine both OTC
- SE: Diarrhoea, dizziness, muscle pain
13
Q
How do PPIs work, name some, side effects
A
- Reduce the activity of H+/K+/ATPase (proton pump) on parietal cells, so less stomach acid produced
- Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, esomeprazole Rabeprazole
- SE: Diarrhoea, dizziness, muscle pain
14
Q
What is tritherapy
A
- Treatment for H.pylori
- Three drugs for seven days
- PPI high dose BD
- Amoxcyillin 1g BD
- Metronidazole or Clarithromycin BD
