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Zak, PCM 3 > GI CIS > Flashcards

GI CIS Flashcards

1
Q

What are some protective factors against Gallstones?

A

Low carb diet, physical activity, caffeine, high fiber diet, statins, NSAIDs/ASA

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2
Q

What are the most common gram - bacteria found in ascending cholangitis?

A

E. Coli
K. Pneumoniae
Enterobacter

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3
Q

What are the most common gram + bacteria found in ascending cholangitis?

A

Enterococcus species

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4
Q

What is the Tx for ascending cholangitis?

A

Urgent ERCP

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5
Q

What is Charcot’s triad and what is it associated with?

A

Jaundice, Fever, RUQ pain

Ascending cholangitis

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6
Q

What is Reynold’s pentad and what is it associated with?

A

Charcot’s triad + mental status change

Ascending cholangitis

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7
Q

What do Gallstones show on US?

A

Acoustic shadow

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8
Q

What is first line Tx for cholangitis?

A

ß-lactam + ß-lactamase (-illin + -actam)
OR
Ceftriaxone + Metronidazole

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9
Q

What is an alternative Tx for cholangitis?

A

Fluoroquinolone + Metronidazole

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10
Q

What is Mirizzi syndrome?

A

Common hepatic duct obstruction due to extrinsic compression from an impacted stone in the cystic duct

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11
Q

What is Grey Turner sign?

A

Flank ecchymosis 2˚ to hemorrhage

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12
Q

What is Cullen sign?

A

Periumbilical ecchymosis 2˚ to hemorrhage

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13
Q

What is Rovsing’s sign?

A

Pain in RLQ during left-sided pressure

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14
Q

What is Courvoisier’s sign?

A

Enlarged, non-tender gallbladder 2˚ to pancreatic disease or cancer

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15
Q

A + iliopsoas muscle test is indicative of what?

A

Appendicitis

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16
Q

A + obturator muscle test is indicative of what?

A

Appendicitis

17
Q

+ CVAT is associated with what?

A

Kidney abscess
Pyelonephritis
Renal stone

18
Q

A + heel strike test is indicative of what?

A

Appendicitis

19
Q

Why are opioid’s contraindicated in pts with biliary disorders?

A

Opioids increase sphincter of Oddi pressure worsening the pain Sx’s

20
Q

What are the SNS levels for the esophagus?

A

T2-8

21
Q

What are the SNS levels for the stomach?

A

T5-9

22
Q

What are the SNS levels for the liver?

A

T6-9

23
Q

What are the SNS levels for the gallbladder?

A

T6-9

24
Q

What are the SNS levels for the SI?

A

T9-11

25
Q

What are the SNS levels for the colon?

A

T10-L2

26
Q

What are the SNS levels for the pancreas?

A

T5-11

27
Q

What are the SNS levels for the appendix?

A

T12

28
Q

What are the Sx’s of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)?

A

Temp > 38˚C or < 36˚C
HR > 90
Resp > 20 or PaCO2 < 32 mmHg
WBC count > 12k or < 4k

Zak, PCM 3 (9 decks)

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