GI Blood Loss

Question 1

What are common sites of Gastrointestinal bleeding?

Answer 1

Upper GI: Oesophagus, stomach

Lower GI: Large intestine

Question 2

What is the most common cause of an Upper GI bleed?

Answer 2

Peptic Ulcer

Question 3

Small Bowel bleeds are very rare, but if they do occur what would be a cause?

Answer 3

Jejunum / Ileal diverticulae

Question 4

What are the three most common causes of Lower GI bleeds?

Answer 4

Haemorrhoids
Angiodysplasia
Diverticular disease

Question 5

What are some acute symptoms of a GI bleed?

Answer 5

• Haematemesis (vomiting blood)
• Melaena (faeces containing blood)
• Shock
• PR Bleed

Question 6

What are some chronic symptoms of a GI bleed?

Answer 6

• Iron deficient anaemia

- Positive Faecal Occult Blood

Question 7

What is Angiodysplasia?

Answer 7

Vascular malformation of the gut

Question 8

Which type of bleed is at higher pressure, a Variceal bleed or Arterial bleed?

Answer 8

Arterial bleed are higher pressure. Variceal bleeds are venous bleeds.

Question 9

What is the name of the Scoring Criteria used to determine the risk of a GI bleed

Answer 9

Rockall Score

Question 10

State two treatments for Variceal bleeds

Answer 10

Banding

Sclerotherapy