GI

Question 1

Dx for C.diff diarrhea?

Answer 1

1. PCR for bacterial gene encoding a toxin (NAAT)

2. EIA

Question 2

Fluid around pancreas. Serum levels?

Answer 2

Acute pancreatitis

Low: Ca

High: Amylase, lipase, TGL

Question 3

MC small bowel malignancy

Answer 3

Carcinoid tumor

• 5hydroxyindoleacetic acid in urine
• # MC 1° site: ileum

Carcinoid syndrome: inc 5HT

• inc bowel motility
• TR + PS
• bronchospasm
• inc collagen production

Question 4

MC polyp

Non neoplastic:

Neoplastic:

Answer 4

Non neoplastic:

• Hyperplastic
• sawtooth app

Neoplastic:

• Tubular adenoma
• ~ mushroom

Question 5

Bilious emesis in neonates

Answer 5

1. Midgut volvulus
2. Intensional atresia

Distal atresia : distention

Question 6

Apple peel/ Christmas deformity seen in

Answer 6

Intestinal atresia d/t vascular occlusion in utero

Question 7

Deficiency of which enzyme causes cholesterol stones?

Answer 7

7-a-hydroxylase

Question 8

Deficiency of which enzyme causes pigment stones?

Answer 8

b-glucoronidase

Question 9

Epigastric pain decreasing w meals d/t?

Answer 9

Dec pain w/ meals: Duodenal ulcers

• # MCC H.pylori
• # MC Complication : i) rupture/ bleeding (gastroduodenal) ii) perforation (anteriorly) - pneumoperitoneum

Question 10

Epigastric pain inc w/ meals d/t?

Answer 10

Gastric ulcer

• inc risk of ca

Question 11

LUQ pain w Hx embolic disorders, Dx?

Answer 11

Splenic infarct

Question 12

Failure of pleuroperitoneal canal to close completely seen in?

Answer 12

Bochdalek/ Diaphragmatic hernia

Question 13

Pathogenesis of Ascites in cirrhosis

Answer 13

Portal HTN - splanchic vasodilation - dec splanchic VR - dec blood volume - activation of RAAS - fluid + water retention

Dec oncotic P - dec fluid resorption

Question 14

Test for GI disturbances?

Answer 14

Measure stool alpha-1 AT

Protein
Bleeding/ diarrhea