GI

Question 1

what activates trypsinogen from trypsin

Answer 1

enteropeptidase

Question 2

chronic inflammation of the ___ location in the stomach lead to depletion of __ cells

Answer 2

antrum
delta cells(somatostatin producing)

Question 3

fx of somatostatin

Answer 3

inhibits gastrin release from G cells

Question 4

life threatening diarrhea in immunocompromised

Answer 4

crytosporidium

Question 5

oocysts visualized with modified acid fast stain of stool, histopathology of colon shows cysts on brush border surface

Answer 5

crytosporidium

Question 6

hormone released from duodenum from S cells in response to acid and fat in small intestine

Answer 6

secretin

Question 7

secretin fx

Answer 7

increases bicarb secretion (by bicarb Cl- exchanger in potassium) and inhibits G cells from secreting more gastrin

Question 8

administer secretin in someone with gastrinoma

Answer 8

stimulate gastrin secretion due to adenylate cyclase activation

Question 9

hindgut structures

Answer 9

distal 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

Question 10

hindgut blood supply

Answer 10

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 11

what toxin does hemmorrhagic E coli produce?

Answer 11

Shiga-like

Question 12

MOA of Shiga like toxin

Answer 12

inactivate 60S ribosome subunit, inihibit protein synth and get cell death

Question 13

MOA of toxin from pertussis, ETEC, Cambylobacter, cholera

Answer 13

increased intracellular cAMP, results in decreased absorption and increased secretion of Na, Cl, H2o

Question 14

lab findings of lactose intolerance

Answer 14

increased H+ breath, reduced stool pH, elevated stool osmolality