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HPIM 19th Onco > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

MC esophageal Ca worldwide

A

Squamous

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2
Q

Distributed commonly in the distal 1/3 of the esophagus

A

Adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

Common initial symptoms of esophageal Ca

A

Progressive dysphagia

Weight loss of short duration

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4
Q

Onset of symptom Indicates 60% Ca infiltration of the esophagus

A

Dysphagia

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5
Q

Electrolyte abnormality in squamous cell Ca

A

Hypercalcemia

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6
Q

MC type of Gastric Ca

A

Adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

Gastric AdenoCa with poor prognosis

A

Diffuse Type

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8
Q

Gastric AdenoCa often associated with H.pylori

A

Intestinal type

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9
Q

Extreme hypertrophy of the gastric rugal folds which increases risk for malignant transformation

A

Menetrier’s disease

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10
Q

MC site of hematogenous gastric tumor spread

A

Liver

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11
Q

Only curative therapy of gastric Ca

A

complete surgical thmor removal with resection of adjacent lymph nodes

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12
Q

Role of radiotherapy in gastric ca

A

Palliation

gastric tumors are radioresistant

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13
Q

MC extranodal site for lymphoma

A

Stomach

pathology NHL of Bcell origin

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14
Q

GIST therapy

A

Imatinib (Gleevec)

not responsive to conventional chemo

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15
Q

Precursor for Colorectal Ca

A

Adenomatous polyps

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16
Q

Most frequent type of colorectal Ca

A

Sessile type

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17
Q

Histologic type with 3x malignant risk for colorectal ca

A

Villous adenomas

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18
Q

Point mutation in colorectal carcinogenesis

A

k-ras gene

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19
Q

2 subsets of Polyposis Coli

A

Gardner’s and Turcot’s syndrome

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20
Q

“Apple-core” or “napkin-ring” constriction in radiography

A

Colorectal esp in the transverse and descending colon

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21
Q

Most frequent visceral site of colorectal metastasis

A

Liver

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22
Q

Optimal treatment of colorectal cA

A

Total resection of tumor

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23
Q

Sensitive marker for tumor recurrence

A

CEA q 3 months

24
Q

Recommended surgery for rectal Ca

A

Total Mesorectal Excision

25
Q

Backbone of treatment for colorectal Ca

A

5FU

26
Q

Major side effect of FOLFIRI

A

Diarrhea

27
Q

Standard Adjuvant therapy for Colorectal Ca

A

FOLFOX

28
Q

More frequent ulcerations in anay Ca

A

Distal to the pectinate line

squamous cell histology

29
Q

Risk for anal Ca

A

HPV

30
Q

Most potent natural chemical carcinogen

A

Aflatoxin B

31
Q

Strongly associated with increased incidence of HCC

A

Chronic Hep B CARRIER state

32
Q

MC symptom of HCC

A

Abdominal pain

33
Q

MC sign of HCC

A

hepatomegaly

34
Q

HCC invasion of hepatic veins

A

Budd-Chiari syndrome

tense ascites and large tender liver

35
Q

HCC with best prognosis

A

Stage 1

Solitary tumor <2cm without vascular invasion

36
Q

Serum tumor marker in HCC

A

AFP

more specific: AFP-L3

37
Q

May predict portal vein invasion

A

DCP (des-y-carboxy prothrombin)

38
Q

Screening for HCC

A

Liver UTZ

39
Q

Detect tumor size and extent and the presence of portal vein invasion accurately

A

Helical/triphasic CT of abdomen and pelvis

40
Q

Provides histologuc proof of the presence of HCC

A

Core liver biopsy

41
Q

Excluded from transplatation for HCC

A

If with portal vein involvement

42
Q

Reliable prognosticator for tolerance of hepatic surgery

A

Child Pugh Classification

Child A amenable for surgical resection

43
Q

Mucin-producing adenocarcinoma that arise from the bile ducts

A

Cholangiocarcinoma

44
Q

Predisposing risk factor

A

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

45
Q

Typical presentation of cholangiocarcinoma

A

Painless jaundice

46
Q

Nodular tumors arising at the bifurcation of the CBD in CCC

A

Klatskin tumors

often assoc with a collapsed GB

47
Q

Majority of carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater

A

Adenocarcinoma

48
Q

Most frequent metastasis of Ca of the Ampulla

A

Liver

49
Q

MC presentation of Ca of the Ampulla

A

Jaundice

50
Q

Most frequent site of pancreatic ca

A

Head of the pancreas

51
Q

MC environmental risk factor of pancreatic Ca

A

Cigarette smoking

52
Q

Pancreatic Ca precursor lesion

A

pancreatic intra epithelial neoplasia (PanIN)

53
Q

Clinical presentation of Ca arising from the pancreatic head

A

Obstructive Jaundice

54
Q

Palpable gallbladder

A

Courvoisier’s sign

55
Q

Left supraclavicukar lymphadenopathy

A

Virchow’s node

56
Q

Periumbilical nodules

A

Sister Mary Joseph’s nodes

HPIM 19th Onco (11 decks)

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