Approach to patient with CA

Question 1

Most significant risk factor for CA

Answer 1

Age

Question 2

MC cancer and MCC of cancer death

Answer 2

Lung Ca

Question 3

Most reliable diagnosis of cancer

Answer 3

Invasive tissue biopsy

Question 4

Most avoidable risk factor for pulmonary, cardiovascular disease and cancer

Answer 4

Smoking cessation

Question 5

Precursor to squamous cell skin ca

Answer 5

Actinic keratosis

Question 6

SERM for pre and postmenopausal women

Answer 6

Tamoxifen

Question 7

SERM for postmenopausal women only

Answer 7

Raloxifene

Question 8

May increase risk of prostate Ca (SELECT study)

Answer 8

Vitamin E

Question 9

Age of onset of PAP smear screening

Answer 9

21 years old (or onset of sexual activity) then q 3 if normal

Question 10

Two major types of cancer genes

Answer 10

Oncogenes

Tumor suppresor genes

Question 11

Common mechanism of oncogene activation

Answer 11

Point mutation

Question 12

Oncogene activation with a poor prognosis

Answer 12

DNA amplification

ERBB2/HER2 breast and NMYC in neuroblastoma

Question 13

First reproducible chromosome abnormality detected in human cancer

Answer 13

Philadelphia chromosome

Question 14

Hallmark for the presence of a Tumor Suppressor Gene at a particular chromosomal location

Answer 14

Loss of Heterozygosity (LOH) in tumor DNA

Question 15

Most radioresistant tissue

Answer 15

Bone

Question 16

Most radiosensitive tissues

Answer 16

Male testis, female ovary, bone marrow