gi 1

Question 1

antacids

Answer 1

aluminum salts
magnesium hydroxide
neutralizes gastric acid
bind w/ drugs and decrease absorption

Question 2

magnesium salts

Answer 2

diarrhea
hypermagnesium
caution w/ renal insuffieciency

Question 3

h2 blockers

Answer 3

cimetidine (tagamet)
ranitidine (zantac)
famotidine (pepcid)
nazatadine (axid)
tx of pud, gerd, and dyspepsia
side effects- thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia, pancytopenia (myelosuppresion)
cardiac (hypotension, qt prolongation, bradycardia, cardiac arrest)

Question 4

how to prevent bad side effects from h2 blockers

Answer 4

dont bolus

Question 5

cimitidine side effects

Answer 5

Can rarely cause gynecomastia and impotence
Polymyositis
Interstitial nephritis
Cleared through the P450 system so has multiple drug interactions

Question 6

Sulcralfate (Carafate)

Answer 6

coats stomach to help heal ulcers

Question 7

proton pump inhibitors

Answer 7

omeprazole (prilosec)
lansoprazole (prevacid)
pantoprazoloe (protonix)
esomeprazole (nexium)
kapidex
aciphex
irreversibly binds to and inhibits the hydrogen-potassium ATPase pump on the parietal cell membrane

Question 8

what ppi has least drug interactions

Answer 8

pantoprazole (protonix)

Question 9

what ppi have largest interactions

Answer 9

nexium and prilosec

Question 10

bismuth

Answer 10

help suppress h pylori infxn

Question 11

metaclopramide (reglan)

Answer 11

first line for gastroparesis but no longer then 12 weeks unless benefits outweigh risks
improves gastric emptying
serotonin and dopamine effect so side effects are anxiety restlessness, depression, hyperprolactin, qt prolongation
BLACK BOX WARNING- tar dive dyskinesia and dystonia