Gestational Pathology (Pathoma) Flashcards
Major ectopic pregnancy risk factor
Scarring
Common ectopic pregnancy causes and why?
PID and endometriosis
Cause scarring
Ectopic pregnancy presentation
Acute, lower quadrant abdominal pain
Spontaneous abortion
Definition and causes
Def: Miscarriage of fetus up to 20 weeks of pregnancy
Causes: Chromosomal abnormalities, hypercoagulability, teratogen exposure and congenital infections
Placenta previa
RX:?
Preview of the placenta in lower uterine segment
RX: C-section delivery
Placental abruption
Separation of placenta from decidua before birth
Example of common cause of still birth
Placental abruption
Placenta accreta
Defintion, presentation and RX
Attachment of placenta to MYOMETRIUM
Pres: Difficult delivery, postpartum bleeding
Rx: Hysterectomy
Preeclampsia
3rd trimester pregnancy-induced hypertension+proteinuria+edema
Eclampsia definition
Preeclampsia +seizures
Preeclampsia= proteinuria+HTN+ Edema
HELLP
H-Hemolysis
EL- Elevated Liver enzymes
LP- Low Platelet count
SIDS
Death within 1 month to 1 year without cause
What is a baby who dies from SIDS typically doing when they pass away?
Sleeping
SIDS risk factors
Sleeping on stomach
Smoking in household
Prematurity
Hydatidiform Mole definition
Abnormal conception of swollen and edematous villi with proliferation of trophoblasts
Hydatidiform mole presentation
Betas higher than gestational age+ Enlarged uterus
+Grapelike masses(villi) from vagina
Hydatidiform mole Dx
No heart sounds in early 1st trimester
“Snow-storm” appearance on US
Hydatidiform mole Rx
D&C+ recheck Betas
Complete hydatidiform mole
2 sperm+ empty ovum
Diploid, ALL edematous villi
Higher Betas
Complete risk of choriocarcinoma
Partial hydatidiform mole
Tripoidy 2 sperm+1 ovum Some villi are hydropic Lower Betas than in complete hydatidiform mole Minimal risk for choriocarcinoma
Choriocarcinoma
Tumor of trophoblasts and synctiotrophoblasts
No villi
2 ways of getting choriocarcinomas
As a germ cell tumor or as a complication of gestation
Which of the 2 types of choriocarcinomas responds to chemo?
Gestational pathway responds but germ cell pathway does not.
