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Pathology > Breast (Robbins) > Flashcards

Breast (Robbins) Flashcards

1
Q

Apocrine metaplasia

A

Calcifications with densities
Does not cause cancer!
Abundant pink cytoplasm

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2
Q

Fibrocytic change

A

Painless or painful, non-movable, dilated ducts, in premenopausal women
Screen for breast cancer

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3
Q

Mammary duct ectasia

A

Dilated ducts, greenish-brown nipple discharge
Mass present!
Multiparous postmenopausal women

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4
Q

Periductal mastitis

A

Think smokers! Due to Vit A deficiency

Subareolar mass+ nipple retraction

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5
Q

Intraductal Papilloma

A

Premenopausal women with bloody nipple discharge

Finger-like projection lined by epithelial and myoepithelial cells

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6
Q

Intranodular cirrhosis

A

Can lead to bilateral gynecomastia

Seen in alcoholics

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7
Q

Most significant risk factor for lobular carcinoma

A

Atypical hyperplasia

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8
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Rx for HER2/neu BC (-ve for ER/PR)

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9
Q

HER2/neu

A

Epidermal growth factor

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10
Q

Type A Luminal BC

A

ER +ve, HER2 -ve.

Low risk of recurrence. Responsive to estrogen therapy

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11
Q

DCIS

A

My not produce a mass, large atypical cells in cribriform pattern

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12
Q

Does Paget disease of the breast represent an underlying carcinoma?

A

Yes!

Eczematous nipple

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13
Q

LoBular CIS

A

Tends to be BILATERAL, ill-defined
Single file metastasis
No E-cadherin

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14
Q

Infiltrating Ductal carcinomas tend to produce what symptoms in what patients

A

Axillary lymphadenopathy and unilateral breast mass

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15
Q

Medullary carcinoma

A

High in BRCA1 patients, poorly differentiated, triple negative, lymphoid infiltrates

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16
Q

Major risk factor for male breast cancer

A

Old age

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17
Q

Rx for triple negative NST no special type BC

A

Chemotherapy

Why? Too aggressive for surgery and radiation

18
Q

Nipple retraction is seen in which 2 conditions?

A

Chronic mastitis and infiltrating ductal carcinoma

19
Q

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

A

Orange peel+ nipple retraction

20
Q

What hormone can cause the shrinkage of a fibroadenoma?

A

Estrogen

21
Q

Do fibroadenomas increase in pregnancy?

A

Yes

22
Q

How are breasts related to sweat glands?

A

They are modified sweat glands

23
Q

What types of cell layers are found in normal breast tissue?

A

A luminal (inner) cell layer and a myoepithelial cell layer

24
Q

When do breasts become hormone sensitive?

A

After menarche

25
Q

What changes are seen in breast during menstruation? Why?

A

They are tender

Due to increased estrogen and progesterone

26
Q

What changes are seen in breast during pregnancy? Why?

A

Hyperplasia. To prepare for milk production

27
Q

What changes are seen in breast during menopause? Why?

A

Atrophy

No progesterone or estrogen

28
Q

Which quadrant of the breast has the most breast tissue?

A

Upper outer quadrant

29
Q

Define galactorrhea

A

Milk let down outside of lactation.

30
Q

Is galctorrhea cancer-related?

A

No

31
Q

What causes galactorrhea?

A

Prolactinoma drugs and nipple stimulation

32
Q

Acute mastitis common cause

A

S. aureus

33
Q

Acute mastitis presentation

A

Warm, erythematous skin, (?) pruritic

Could lead to abscess formation

34
Q

Fat necrosis findings

A

Mass on PE, calcifications on mammogram.

Giant cells on histology

35
Q

Fibrocystic change definition

A

Cystic (fibrosis) change of TDLUs

Common in premenopausal women

36
Q

Fibrocystic change presentation

A

Blue benign cells

No increased risk for cancer

37
Q

How much does ductal hyperplasia increase cancer?

A

2x increased risk of developing invasive BC

38
Q

Sclerosing adenosis

A

Fibrosis (Sclerosing) + Increased number of glands (adenosis)

39
Q

Atypical hyperplasia

A

Increased risk of bilateral invasive breast cancer

40
Q

Phyllodes tumor

A

Fibroadenoma with more proliferation of stroma

Leaf-like projections

Pathology (9 decks)

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