Gestalt Principles Flashcards
Define these principles of perceptual organization:
A) Simplicity
B) Closure
C) Continuity
D) Similarity
A) We select the simplest/most likely interpretation of an object’s shape
B) Our brains fill in missing information when we assume an image
C) Shapes of same orientation are grouped together (e.g. drawing of an X)
D) Regions of colour, lightness, shape, texture, belong in the same group
Define these principles of perceptual organization:
A) Proximity
B) Law of common fate
C) Figure Ground
A) Objects that are closer together are seen as belonging in the same group
B) Elements that move together are perceived as part of single object (e.g. pixels on tv)
C) What do we see as in the foreground, what do we see as the background
What is the process of the audio entering your ear?
Pinna catches sound and directs it to become vibrations, the auditory nerve connects to medial geniculate body (bundle of nerves) at bottom of thalamus and sends it to primary auditory cortex in temporal lobe
What is the temporal theory of hearing?
Sound waves stimulate hair cells (200Hz stimulates hair cell 200 times per second) and neurons fire at frequency of sound waves.
What is place theory of hearing?
Hear sound based on where on the basilar membrane the hair is being stimulated.
Restrictions to the theories of hearing?
Both apply up until 4000 Hz, and after only place theory is applied
Define:
A) Monaural cues
B) Binaural cues
A) Pinna connects sound- helps us understand where things are
B) Differences in timing (when signal hits ear) lets us know where sound is coming from
4 causes for hearing loss?
1) Congenital (born deaf)
2) Disease
3) Exposure to loud sounds for prolonged periods
4) Exposure to sudden noises
What is conductive hearing loss? Ways it can happen?
How is it remedied?
Mechanical failure
Can happen by tympanic membrane rupture, ossicles damaged, anything that takes outside world and transmits it to audio.
Remedied by hearing aid
