Gestalt

Question 1

What does the term “Gestalt” mean?

Answer 1

Configuration, form, or whole.

Question 2

What is the primary focus of Gestalt psychology?

Answer 2

Experiencing things as whole, meaningful configurations rather than isolated parts.

Question 3

What is the key principle of Gestalt psychology?

Answer 3

The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

Question 4

Who were the founders of the Gestalt school?

Answer 4

Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Köhler.

Question 5

What is the Phi Phenomenon?

Answer 5

The illusion of continuous motion created by the rapid succession of distinct visual stimuli.

Question 6

What does “Isomorphism” mean in Gestalt psychology?

Answer 6

A correspondence between the structure of perception and brain activity.

Question 7

What is the Law of Prägnanz?

Answer 7

The tendency to perceive the simplest, most stable, and organized forms.

Question 8

Define “Perceptual constancy.”

Answer 8

Perceiving objects as having consistent properties despite changes in sensory input.

Question 9

What is the “Figure-Ground Relationship”?

Answer 9

Distinguishing an object (figure) from its background (ground).

Question 10

What is the Principle of Continuity?

Answer 10

The tendency to perceive lines and patterns as continuous.

Question 11

What is the Principle of Proximity?

Answer 11

Grouping objects based on their spatial closeness.

Question 12

What is the Principle of Similarity?

Answer 12

Grouping stimuli that are similar in appearance.

Question 13

What is the Principle of Closure?

Answer 13

Perceiving incomplete shapes as complete.

Question 14

What is Insight Learning?

Answer 14

A sudden realization of a problem’s solution.

Question 15

Describe Köhler’s chimpanzee experiment.

Answer 15

A chimp used insight to stack boxes and reach a banana, demonstrating problem-solving.

Question 16

What is Transposition in learning?

Answer 16

Applying learned principles to new but related situations.

Question 17

What is productive thinking?

Answer 17

Solving problems by understanding patterns and reorganizing information.

Question 18

What is Lewin’s Field Theory?

Answer 18

Behavior is influenced by the interaction of an individual with their environment.

Question 19

What is the “Life Space” in Lewin’s theory?

Answer 19

The psychological factors and forces affecting behavior.

Question 20

What is the Zeigarnik Effect?

Answer 20

The tendency to remember uncompleted tasks better than completed ones.

Question 21

Define Approach-Approach Conflict.

Answer 21

Choosing between two desirable options.

Question 22

Define Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict.

Answer 22

Choosing between two unattractive options.

Question 23

Define Approach-Avoidance Conflict.

Answer 23

Facing a single option with both attractive and unattractive qualities.

Question 24

What is the impact of Gestalt psychology on modern psychology?

Answer 24

It influenced cognitive psychology and provided alternatives to behaviorism.

Question 25

What is Top-Down Processing?

Answer 25

Using prior knowledge and context to interpret sensory information.

Question 26

What is Bottom-Up Processing?

Answer 26

Perception starting with analyzing sensory input without prior knowledge.

Question 27

What is the principle of Inclusiveness?

Answer 27

Perceiving a figure that contains all elements as a whole.

Question 28

What is the criticism of Gestalt psychology?

Answer 28

Its concepts are often vague and difficult to measure experimentally.

Question 29

What was Bluma Zeigarnik’s contribution to Gestalt psychology?

Answer 29

Researching how unfulfilled tasks create mental tension.

Question 30

How does Gestalt psychology differ from behaviorism?

Answer 30

It emphasizes conscious experience and holistic perception over isolated behaviors.