Gerontologic Alterations

Question 1

lipofuscin

Answer 1

wear and tear pigment
yellow and brown

Question 2

keratoses

Answer 2

premalignant lesions

Question 3

aging effects on the peripheral vascular system includes

Answer 3

rise in SBP until age 80

Question 4

what blood pressure is generally unaffected by age or decreases

Answer 4

diastolic

Question 5

older adults generally have contracted intravascular volumes and impaired baroreflexes which may be exacerbated by

Answer 5

diuretics
sodium and water depletion
* leads to orthostatic hypotension

Question 6

changes in chest wall compliance lead to

Answer 6

greater contribution to breathing from the diaphragm and abdominal muscles

Question 7

typical PaCo2 for healthy people older than 65 years is about

Answer 7

89

Question 8

control of ventilatory responses to what fall by 50 and 40% respectively in the older adult

Answer 8

hypoxia and hypercapnia

Question 9

between the ages 25 and 85 approximately 40% if nephron’s become sclerotic and others hypertrophy. what is sclerosis and what does it mean for renal blood flow

Answer 9

accompanied by atrophy of afferent and efferent arterioles leading to fall in renal blood flow

Question 10

the most important age related change in liver function is

Answer 10

decreased capacity to metabolize medications

Question 11

what is cited as common cause of adverse medication reactions in older adult population

Answer 11

polypharmacy

Question 12

older adults with major infections will have a normal white count but

Answer 12

differential count usually shows a large proportion of immature forms

Question 13

liver and kidneys are they able to metabolize and excrete medications

Answer 13

no

Question 14

cause of the changes in liver and kidney what happen to med rates

Answer 14

changes in absorption, time to peak, plasma concentration, clearance