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Med Surg 2 > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

A1C goal value for diabetics

A

under 7

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2
Q

A1c is the average of

A

3 moths

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3
Q

normal value of A1C

A

4-6

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4
Q

cortisol increases

A

glucose

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5
Q

what does insulin do

A

promote glucose uptake by target cells and glucose storage as glycogen; presents fat and glycogen breakdown, inhibits gluconeogensis, increases protein synthesis

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6
Q

3 P

A

polyuria
polydipsia
polyphasic

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7
Q

type 1 onset

A

rapidty

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8
Q

type 2 onset

A

over time

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9
Q

Lantus duration

A

20-26 hours

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10
Q

Novolog onset

A

15 mins

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11
Q

metformin

A

diarrhea and ct contrast

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12
Q

sick day rules

A

patients should not stop taking their insulin or oral agent

check blood sugar every 3-4 hours

modify diet to include and check ketones

notify care provider if not tolerating diet or becoming dehydrated

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13
Q

DKA causes

A

infection, surgery, trauma
inadequate insulin malfunctioning insulin pump, management changes
pregnancy and growth spurts
emotional stress
drugs-steroids and epi norepinephrine

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14
Q

DKA

A

hyperglycemia, ketosis
metabolic acid

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15
Q

DKA glucose level

A

> 250

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16
Q

DKA pH

A

less than 7.3

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17
Q

DKA other issues

A

dehydration
electrolytes

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18
Q

DKA electrolyte

A

K

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19
Q

ABG DKA

A

met acid
- compensation resp ak

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20
Q

when should we change IV to dextrose

A

BS around 200-250

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21
Q

DKA adminsiter

A

K

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22
Q

how often glucose

A

1hr

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23
Q

how often electrolytes

A

4 hours

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24
Q

first indication of ICP

A

change in LOC

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25
Q

hypoglycemia onset

A

rapid

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26
Q

DKA other signs

A

fruit breath
hypotension
tachy
kussmaul

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27
Q

hypoglycemia oral

A

1/2 cup juice with starch and protein

28
Q

hypoglycemia if unconsious

A

1 am D50
- half life only 30 min

29
Q

HHS glucose

A

greater than 600

30
Q

arterial pH HHS

A

greater than 7.3 (normal)

31
Q

serum osmo HHS

A

over 320

32
Q

ketonuria HHS

A

absent or mild

33
Q

HHS mainfestations

A

profound thirst

34
Q

HHS treatment

A

rehydration
insulin
electrolyte
- potassium

35
Q

hypoglycemia NPO

A

amp of d50

36
Q

ADH normal value

A

1-5

37
Q

urine and blood osmo serum normal

A

275-295

38
Q

pituitary secretes

A

ADH

39
Q

DI does what to ADH

A

decrease

40
Q

DI hydration

A

extracellular dehydration

41
Q

DI salt

A

hypernatremia

42
Q

DI BP

A

hypotensive
- hypovolemic shock

43
Q

DI urine output

A

> 300

44
Q

serum osmolality DI

A

> 300 (high)

45
Q

synthetic vasopressin

A

demopressin

46
Q

SIADH ADH level

A

too much

47
Q

SIADH salt

A

hyponatremia

48
Q

SIADH can be caused by

A

cancer or head injury

49
Q

SIADH urine osmo

A

increased

50
Q

urine output SIADH

A

below

51
Q

SIADH fluid

A

hypertonic (3)

52
Q

SIADH and DI serum osmo

A

SIADH decrease
DI increases

53
Q

SIADH and DI urine osmo

A

SIADH increase
DI decrease

54
Q

hypothyroidism levels

A

high TSH
low T4

55
Q

hyperthyroidism levels

A

low TSH
high T4

56
Q

thyroid storm is

A

hyperthyroidism

57
Q

thyroid storm
- thermo

A

fever

58
Q

thyroid storm
- heart

A

a fib

59
Q

thyroid storm
- CNS

A

agitation,
restless
delirium

60
Q

thyroid storm lab findings

A

TSH bery low
T3 and T4 high

61
Q

graves disease

A

hyperthyroidism
goiter
opthamopathy

62
Q

severe hypothyroidism leads to

A

coma (myxedema coma)

63
Q

Addisons disase

A

adrenal cortical insuff

64
Q

bushings sundrome

A

excessive cortisol

65
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

tumor of adrenal medulla
- must remove tumor

Med Surg 2 (29 decks)

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