Germany Topic 4: Life Under the Nazis - Raees Flashcards
1
Q
Control
SS, SA, Gestapo
A
- Goerring made Gestapo 1933. 300k members by 1942
- Gestapo could search houses + arrest without reason
- Rohm led SA (2mil members) - wanted to replace army
- 400k SS in 1934 but 240k 1939 censorship
2
Q
Political Control
1933 Elections
A
- 5th March 1933
- 50k SA threatened
- 70 Deaths
- Hitler got 44%
3
Q
Political Control
Enabling Act
A
- 23 March 1933
- To get majority, communists banned + promised to protect church for Centre Party
- 444-94
- Renewed 1937
- Could pass laws without Reichstag
- Started Gleichschaltung
- Met 12 more times until 1945
4
Q
Political Control
Reichstag Fire
A
- 27th Feb 1933
- Marinus Van Der Lubbe arrested + guillotine
- 4k communists arrested
- communists lost 19 seats
- Passed Decree for Protection of People and State after
5
Q
Political Control
Decree for protection of people and state
A
- The police could ban meetings, search houses and imprison without trial
- The death penalty could be used for certain crimes
- Concentration camps like Dachau were set up
6
Q
Political Control
Night of Long Knives
A
- 29th June 1934
- 90 SA leaders killed by SS
- Rohm suspected of being gay - H = bad rep.
- SS increased in power, SA decreased
7
Q
Control
Economic Policies
A
- 4 year plan - aimed to make Germany self sufficient
- New plan - increase exports decrease imports
- 1939 still imported 1/3 of stuff
- 1bil Marks spend on public schemes
8
Q
Control
Propaganda
A
- Goebbles head - “Evil genius of the 2nd half of Hitlers carreer”
- Films - Goebbles controlled e.g. Eternal jew
- 70% Germans owned a radio by 1939
- Olympics 1936 - 100k people stadium + SS. Jessee Owens won 4 golds
9
Q
Control
Censorship
A
- MOP ordered what newspapers would write about daily
- Jazz banned
- Degenerate art attracted 5x more people
- Books burning - Einstein + Karl Marx
- Law on Malicious Gossip - jokes = illegal
10
Q
Youth
Opposition
A
- Edelweiss Pirates
11
Q
Youth
Education
A
- Geography = lebensraum
- Focus on health for strong Volksgemeinschaft
- 1933 textbooks rewritten to enforce Nazi beliefs
- 50% decrease in higher education students
12
Q
Youth
Nazi Youth Movements (boys + girls)
A
- 1936 all eligible must be in a programme
- 8 Million members by 1939
13
Q
Youth
Hitler Youth (boys)
A
- 11 Hitler youth schools
- Hitler Jugend made 1925 - 55k members by 1933
- Hitler Jugend group made for people aged 14-18
- Learned leadership skills for military in NAPOLAs (age 10-18, 39 by 1939)
14
Q
Youth
Hitler youth (girls)
A
- Learned domestic science
- 10-14 year olds = Young Maidens
- 19-21 year olds = Faith and Beauty
15
Q
Youth
Education (teachers)
A
- Law for Restoration of a Professional Civil Service = 10% uni teachers sacked for racial reasons
- 1933 Sign declaration of support for Hitler and join Nazi Lecturers Association
