Germany 3: Rise of Hitler

Question 1

Changes 1920-1922

Answer 1

• Aims reorganised and published in 25 points
• Htiler ousted Drexler and became leader in 1921
• Owned their own Newspaper

Question 1

Munich Putsch Causes

Answer 1

• Anger at Weimar for ToV, civil unrest
• Bavaria hostile to Weimar Government
• Nazi strength (20,000 supporters)

Question 2

Munich Putsch Events

Answer 2

• 8-9th November 1923
• Took control of Beerhall and attempted to convert Bavarian leaders to their cause
• Bavarian leaders escaped
• Nazis marched on Berlin and defeated by police and Bavarian soldiers

Question 3

Munich Putsch Effects

Answer 3

• Hitler used trial for publicity
• Sentenced to 5 years, served 9 months
• Hitler wrote “Mein Kampff” in captivity

Question 4

Re-org of Nazi party

Answer 4

• Nazi Party relaunched in 1925
• New divisions for different sections in Germany
• SA restructured, SS established
• Goebells increased propaganda

Question 5

Bruning as Chancellor

Answer 5

• Bruning had to use Article 48 to pass measures
• Tried to ban the SA/SS and gained more enemies in the right
• Known as the “Hunger Chancellor”
• Sacked in May 1932 due to lack of support

Question 6

Von Papen as Chancellor

Answer 6

• Von Papen replaced Bruning
• Consistently beat by Nazis but Hindenbrug denied Hitler being chancellor
• Sacked in December 1932

Question 7

Hitler as Chancellor

Answer 7

• 30th Januray 1933
• Von Papen told Hindenburg he could control Hitler
• Von Papen was desperate for power

Question 8

Wall Street Crash

Answer 8

• October 1929 share prices in NY fell rapidly
• Between 1929 and 1932 industry in America reduced 45%

Question 9

Great Depression effect on Germany

Answer 9

• Impact on Banking - American loans stopped which led to a financial crisis
• Impact on industry - Americans no longer purchased German goods, 1932 industry was 58% of 1928
• Impact on unemployment - 1929 1.5 million unemployed, 1933 6 million unemployed

Question 10

Appeal of Hitler

Answer 10

• ‘Make Germany Strong’ and ‘Smash the chains of Versailles’
• Wealthy business owners like Krupp’s and Siemens gave money to the Nazis
• In 1932, Hitler stood for president under slogans like ‘Freedom and Bread’ and Goebbels waged a furious campaign of propaganda

Question 11

Role of SA

Answer 11

• In 1930, the SA had 400,000 members
• At rallies they used lights and symbols of power
• They disrupted meetings of political opponents
• In the 1930 and 1932 elections they used violence to threaten the opposition and threatened voters