Germany - pre WW1

Question 1

how did bismark gain money for wars

Answer 1

raised taxes despite not having permission to

Question 2

how did bismark make sure he wouldnt be stopped from making his unified germany

Answer 2

created powerful alliances with: russia, france, italy
no one would help austria in case of a war

Question 3

how did bismark gain control of wurtt and bavaria

Answer 3

provoked france into starting a war
wurtt + bavaria teamed up with prussia

Question 4

when did germany become unified

Answer 4

1871

Question 5

what were the peace terms of the franco-prusso war

Answer 5

france paid germany £200
france gave germany alsace-lorraine

Question 6

what was the kaiser

Answer 6

the emperor of germany and king of prussia

Question 7

what was the chancellor

Answer 7

the PM of germany

Question 8

what was the reichstag

Answer 8

the german parliament

Question 9

how was germany organised in 1890

Answer 9

kaiser
chancellor
ministers
reichstag bundesrat
voters the states

Question 10

what was the role of the kaiser

Answer 10

rule all of germany
was not voted in - hereditary role
he could pass rules even if they were opposed

Question 11

what was the role of the chancellor

Answer 11

help rule germany
appointed by kaiser
often a friend of the kaiser
controls day-to-day runnings of germany

Question 12

what was the role of the ministers

Answer 12

help chancellor
appointed
oversaw specific part of government (e.g health or police)

Question 13

what was the role of the bundesrat and reichstag

Answer 13

present suggestions for new laws
laws would then be debated

Question 14

who did the reichstag represent

Answer 14

the voters - men over 25

Question 15

who did the bundesrat represent

Answer 15

the states - the states had their seperate governments and appointed a representative to bundesrat

Question 16

what is the divine right of kings

Answer 16

the belief god had chosen the king and blessed the royal family to rule

Question 17

how did the kaiser control germany through the military

Answer 17

was head of the military
got people to respect the military by introducing eduction to celebrate them in schools
conscription after men left school
soldiers swore allegiance to kaiser
RESPECT FOR ARMY = RESPECT FOR KAISER

Question 18

how did the kaiser control germany through the prussians

Answer 18

surrounded himself with prussian advisors
prussians held high command in army
17/58 representatives in bundesrat were prussian
only took 14 to oppose a law
prussians supported kaiser

Question 19

what was industrialisation

Answer 19

the process of building up industry

Question 20

what had happened to germany’s industry by 1913

Answer 20

they were producing more iron and steel and as much coal as britain
dominated europe in electrical goods and chemicals

Question 21

who benefitted from industrialisation

Answer 21

landowners
business owners
factory owners

Question 22

who did not benefit from industrialisation

Answer 22

workers in mines, factories, and workshops

Question 23

why were the workers not happy with industrialisation

Answer 23

low wages
poor working conditions
expensive food

Question 24

how did the workers retaliate against the bad conditions due to industrialisation

Answer 24

joined trade unions
organised strikes

Question 25

what was the kaisers problem with trade unions

Answer 25

when workers went on strike there was no work (duh) wilhelm was angry as this slowed down the economy

Question 26

how many people had joined trade unions by 1914

Answer 26

3 million workers

Question 27

what was the kaisers issue with the spd

Answer 27

SPD argued kaiser should share more of his power with reichstag (boo democracy) SPD argued money should be shared out: higher wages for workers (boo povos)

Question 28

how popular were the SPD by 1912

Answer 28

1 in 3 germans we’re voting for them

Question 29

what were caprivis reforms

Answer 29

didn’t renew laws against socialism (he could work with the SPD) social law 1891: ended sunday working and child labour (under 14) arbitration system - workers could take employer issues to this

Question 30

how did caprivi deal with the SPD

Answer 30

1900-1903 passed social reforms like health insurance and accident insurance tightened child labour laws 1907 SPD votes halved

Question 31

how did the SPD gain back votes after 1907

Answer 31

worked with trade unions and left wing parties to gain support

Question 32

what was weltpolitik

Answer 32

world policy the aim to turn germany into a world power by building an overseas empire, growing world trade and increasing naval power

Question 33

what was the first naval law (1898)

Answer 33

specified how many ships were to be built by 1904: 24 new vessels including 7 battleships

Question 34

what was the second naval law (1900)

Answer 34

double the size of the navy

Question 35

what were naval laws 3 (1906), 4 (1908), and 5 (1912)

Answer 35

increase the navy

Question 36

what were the successes of weltpolitik

Answer 36

pleased the kaiser increased support for kaiser (sense of patriotism) won government support from majority of deputies in reichstag

Question 37

what were the problems caused by weltpolitik

Answer 37

governments majority in reichstag did not last, found it difficult to reform tariff law (1902) germans government went into deficit as it spent more money on army, navy and colonies

Question 38

how much did the national debt grow by in 1913

Answer 38

490 billion marks

Question 39

what was the tariff law

Answer 39

a law related to the added tax of imports

Question 40

who supported the naval laws and why

Answer 40

industrialists - providing materials for ships = more money for them germans - militaristic, saw these as strengthening germany