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GCSE History > Germany - life in nazi germany > Flashcards

Germany - life in nazi germany Flashcards

1
Q

what were the three ways hitler increased employment

A

public works
rearmament
national service

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2
Q

how did public service increase employment

A

building hospitals, schools, public building like 1936 olympic stadium provided jobs for men
autobahn construction created work for 80,000 men

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3
Q

how did rearmament increase employment

A

created millions of jobs (in factories building weapons)

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4
Q

how did national service increase employment

A

National Labour Service meant all men 19-25 spent 6 months in the NLS then were conscripted into the army

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5
Q

who wasnt involved in unemployment statistics

A

1.4 million men in the army
jews who were sacked
women who gave up their jobs

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6
Q

what was autarky

A

a closed economy, hitler wanting germany to stop trade with outside world and become entirely self sufficient

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7
Q

was autarky successful?

A

no, by WW2 germany was still importing 20% of food and 33% of raw materials

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8
Q
A
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9
Q

how were big businesses effected by nazi economic policies

A

50% wage increase

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10
Q

how was agriculture effected by nazi economic policies

A

prices rose 20%

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11
Q

how were small businesses effected by nazi economic policies

A

20% of small businesses closed

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12
Q

what was the hereditary farm law 1933

A

prevents farms being repossessed from owners, have farming families greater security

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13
Q

what was the labour front

A

nazi organisation that replaced trade unions

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14
Q

what did the labour front do

A

set wages, nearly always followed wishes of employers

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15
Q

what was strength through joy

A

organisation to help germans see work was good

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16
Q

how did strength through joy improve workers lives

A

they gained evening classes, theatre trips, picnics, and cheap/free holidays for all workers
savings scheme for workers who wanted to buy a car

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17
Q

what was the beauty of labour

A

organisation to help germans see that work was good
ecouraged factory owners to improve working conditions

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18
Q

how did the lives of non armament industries change from 1933-1939

A

wages fell
hours worked rose by 15%
series accidents in factories increased
workers could be blacklisted by employers for questioning working conditions

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19
Q

what were the ‘three Ks’ that nazis believed womens lives should revolve around

A

kinder (children)
kuche (kitchen)
kirche (church)

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20
Q

what was the law for the encouragement of marriage

A

gave newlywed couples a loan of 1,000 marks
allowed them to keep 250 marks for each child they had

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21
Q

what was the mothers cross

A

an award given to women who had large numbers of children

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22
Q

how else did hitler encourage birth rate (not mothers cross or encouragement)

A

allowed women to volunteer to have a baby for aryan member of SS

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23
Q

what was the Law for the Reduction of Unemployment

A

gave women financial incentives to stay at home

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24
Q

when were women conscripted into the war effort

A

1943

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25
how were women encouraged to look
hair in plaits or buns flat shoes no makeup or trousers no dyed hair no smoking in public discouraged from being slim (thought slim women had trouble giving birth)
26
how did 'the aryan race' look
tall strong blonde haired blue eyed white skinned
27
what was the aim of the Hitler Youth
prepare german boys to be future soldiers
28
what did the Hitler youth wear
military style uniforms
29
what were the hitler youth acitivities
physical exercise rifle practice political indoctrination
30
what was the aim of the league of german maidens
prepare girls for future motherhood
31
what did the league of german maidens wear
blue skirt white blouse heavy marching shoes
32
what were the league of german maidens acitivities
physical exercise developing domestic skills - sewing and cooking
33
what did teachers have to join in order to be able to teach
Nazi Teachers Association
34
how did the curriculum differ under nazis
history - course on rise of nazi party biology - taught nazi racial theories of evolution in eugenics race study and ideology - new subject, aryan ideas and antisemitism PE - 5 one hour lessons every week chem+maths - downgraded in importance
35
how many protestants and catholics were in germany in 1933
protestants - 45 million catholics - 22 million
36
why did hitler view christianity as a threat
emphasised peace when he was trying to start a war
37
what did hitler establish to control religion
the state reich church to unify different branches of protestantism
38
who led the state reich church
ludwug muller
39
why did the reich church attempt to ban the old testament
considered a 'jewish' book
40
how many pastors of the confessional church were sent to concentration camps
800
41
how did hitler attempt to suppress catholics
tried to stop use of crucifix catholic schools/youth organisations suppressed catholic newspapers banned 400 catholic priests sent to dachau
42
was hitler successful in reducing the influence of religion
no, church attendance increased substantially under the nazis
43
what were the 3 organisations that controlled the police state
schutzstaffel (ss) gestapo SD
44
what was the SS
led by heinrich himmler initially set up as Hitlers personal bodyguards set up concentration camps where 'enemies of the state' were sent
45
what was the gestapo
secret police force monitored german population for signs of opposition or resistance was helped by ordinary citizens snitching on others
46
what was the SD
intelligence gathering agency of SS responsible for security of hitler and other top nazis led by reinhard heydrich
47
how did nazis control the legal system
judges had to swear oath of loyalty to hitler all lawyers joined Nazi Lawyers Association role of defence lawyers was weakened standard punishments abolished so local prosecutors decided penalities
48
how many crimes carried the death penalty by 1939
46
49
what was the role of the waffen SS
elite unit in the army
50
what was the role of the death heads
ran concentration and death camps
51
what were some of the things punishable by death
telling an anti hitler joke having sex with a jew listening to a foreign radio station
52
how was hitler a constant presence in german peoples lives
swastika symbol appeared on every government uniform and public building pictures of hitler displayed everywhere germans had to greet eachother with 'heil hitler' and a raised arm salute
53
what were some methods of propaganda
cencorship of press control of radio mass rallies use of sporting events
54
how was the press censored
all newspapers controlled by government could only print pro nazi stories
55
how was radio controlled
all radio output controlled by goebbels ministry through reich broadcasting corporation
56
how were mass rallies used
public displays of support for naziism music, speeches, demonstrations of german strength
57
how were sporting events used
belin hospoted 1936 olympics used to demonstrate superiority of aryan race jesse owens (black USA athlete) had many victories infuriating the nazis
58
how did the nazis control art
6500 works of art removed from display encouraged 'aryan' art
59
how did the nazis control architechture
hitler was very interested in architechture - believed it could be used to project nazi power
60
how did the nazis control literature
ceremonially burnt thousands of subversive or anti nazi books in 1933 books written by jewish, pacifist, classical, liberal, anarchist, socialist, communist authors
61
how did the nazis control film
took over film production and distribution state run school for politically reliable film makers was founded used film stars to promote popularity of party
62
how did the nazis control music
classical music by jewish composers (like mendelssohn and mahler) banned works of wagner (german) promoted opposed to jazz, called it negro music and degenerate
63
why were people in support of the nazis
stability and economic growth restored prestige of germany propaganda convinced them
64
how did protestants oppose nazis
protestant pastors (led by martin niemoller) formed confessional church protestant pastor dietrich bonhoffer was linked to 1944 bomb plot
65
how did catholics oppose the nazis
popes 'with burning concern' attacked hitler as 'a mad prophet with repulsive ignorance' archbishops of munster (von galen) led successful campaign to end euthanasia of mentally disabled people
66
how did the edelweiss pirates oppose nazid
daubed anti nazi slogans sang pre 1933 folk songs 1944, pirates in cologne kill gestapo chief
67
how did the white rose group oppose the nazis
1943, hans and sophie scholl publish anti nazi leaflets, throw them into the atrium at munich univeristy arrested and sentenced to guillotine
68
how did the swing youth and jazz youth oppse nazis
rejected nazi values drank alcohol wore american clothes dances to jazz hung out in bars and nightclubs with members of opposite sex
69
how did the workers oppose nazis
posted anti nazi posters and graffiti organised strikes
70
what were the minority groups the nazis targeted
jews black people eastern europeans gypsies homosexuals disabled
71
how were black people persecuted in nazi germany
forced sterilization medical experimentation incarceration brutality murdered
72
who did the nazis sterilise
mentally and physically disabled the deaf people with hereditary diseases the 'rhineland bastards'
73
how many people were secretly euthanised between 1939 and 1941
over 100,00
74
who was sent to concentration camps
homosexuals prostitutes jehovahs witnesses gypsies alcoholics pacifists beggars hooligans criminals
75
what percentage of german gypsies died in camps
85%
76
what events happened in 1933 in relation to the jews
boycott of jewish businesses books by jewish authors publicly burnt jewish civil servants, lawyers and teachers sacked race science lessons introduced, teaching that jews were sub human
77
what events happened in 1935 in relation to the jews
nuremberg laws - strip jews of german citizenship - outlaw marriage and sexual relations between jews and humans - take away jews from all civil and political rights
78
what events happened in 1938 in relation to the jews
jews cannot be doctors jews had to add the name israel (men) or sarah (women) to their name jewish children forbidden to go to school 9th nov - kritallnacht, SS organise attacks on jewish homes, businesses and synangogues in reatliation for asassination of german ambassador
79
what events happened in 1939 in relation to the jews
jews are forbidden to own a business or a radio

GCSE History (29 decks)

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