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Visceral Disorders COPY (Frontier) > German Blue Ram 1 > Flashcards

German Blue Ram 1 Flashcards

1
Q

WBC casts are indicative of…

A

Pyelonephritis

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2
Q

Patient presents with a bee sting and severe edema (an indication of nephrotic syndrome); What would you expect to find in the urine?

A

Protein

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3
Q

Patient has been in the office on a few occasions, and on each occasion the UA results show a SpG of 1.010. What does this indicate or how is it significant?

A

Renal failure

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4
Q

Which test evaluates the ability of the kidneys to concentrate the urine?

A

Specific gravity

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5
Q

Your patient is an alcoholic, their UA - dark yellow urine, increased bilirubin. What do you suspect? (There is also increased tyrosine)

A

Liver disease

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6
Q

If your patient has microhematuria what findings might you expect to see on the UA?

A

Occult blood, RBC’s and Yellow colored urine

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7
Q

You take a lateral lumbar film on your patient who has a renal calculi. Where would you expect to find the stone?

A

Overlying the vertebral body

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8
Q

The UA you took on a patient was left out at room temperature. What might you expect to find present?

A

RBC lysis

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9
Q

What do RBC casts indicate?

A

Glomerular nephritis

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10
Q

What is a primary indicator of renal disease?

A

Proteinuria

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11
Q

Patient presents with left arm pain, there is an occult blood present. What do you expect to find in the urine?

A

Myoglobinuria

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12
Q

Patients UA shows yellow color urine which is hazy, pH of 6, frequent epithelial cells, +2 bacteria. What is your diagnosis?

A

Vaginal contamination

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13
Q

Patient has pain on urination, increased bacteria, cloudy urine, 20-40 WBC’s. What is your diagnosis?

A

Cystitis

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14
Q

6 year old patient with smoked colored urine, +2 proteins, 3 RBC casts, and occult blood. What is your diagnosis?

A

Glomerulonephritis

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15
Q

40 year old male patient with pH 6, 1.5 urobilinogen, greenish brown colored urine, patient complains of right upper quadrant pain. What is the diagnosis?

A

Liver dysfunction

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16
Q

What is the confirmatory test for protein?

A

SSA

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17
Q

Orthostatic Proteinuria indicates normal urine when _____ and proteinuria when _____ and may be associated with _____?

A
  • -Supine
  • -Standing
  • -Hyperlordosis
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18
Q

Flank pain might be associated with what color of urine?

A

Smoky

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19
Q

Right upper quadrant pain might be associated with ____ problems and urine colored _____?

A
    • Liver

- - Brownish/Green

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20
Q

Isothenuria is indicated with what measurement and indicates what?

A

Specific gravity of 1.010, End Stage renal failure

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21
Q

What does an SSA study confirm?

A

Proteinuria

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22
Q

Where are casts formed?

A

Renal tubules

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23
Q

Excess Glucose in the urine may indicate?

A

Diabetes

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24
Q

Increased RBC’s and change in color indicate what?

A

Hematuria

25
Q

Increased RBC’s and no change in color indicate what?

A

Microhematuria

26
Q

Increased WBC’s and buining upon urination indicate what?

A

Lower UTI

27
Q

What is the normal range for specific gravity?

A

1.015 - 1.035

28
Q

A fruity or sweet odor to urine may indicate what?

A

Diabetes mellitus

29
Q

A foul or fishy smell to urine may indicate what?

A

UTI

30
Q

A feces odor to urine may indicate what?

A

Asparagus, enterobladder fistula

31
Q

What is the normal pH range for urine?

A

4.5 - 7.5

32
Q

What is the normal pH range for blood?

A

7.35 - 7.45

33
Q

A patient presents with pH 5, +2 sugar and some ketones. What might the diagnosis be?

A

Diabetic acidosis

34
Q

A patient presents with pH 5 but everything else is within the normal ranges and the patient has emphysema what might be the diagnosis?

A

Respiratory acidosis

35
Q

What stones are most likely to form in acidic urine?

A
    • Xanthine,
    • Cysteine,
    • Uric acid
36
Q

What stones are most like to form in alkaline urine?

A
    • Calcium carbonate
    • Ca+ and Mg+
    • Magnesium phosphate
37
Q

A diet high in what promotes alkaline pH in the urine?

A

Diet high in vegetable and citrus fruit

38
Q

A diet high in what promotes acidic pH in the urine?

A

Diet high in meats and cranberries

39
Q

In diabetic patients ketonuria suggests what?

A

Uncontrolled disease

40
Q

How much of hematuria in children is idiopathic?

A

1/3

41
Q

Protein in the urine suggest what type of urinary tract infection?

A

Upper UTI

42
Q

Is urolithiasis more common in males or females?

A

Males

43
Q

Pain starting in the kidney and radiating in the abdomen, genitalia, and legs may be indicative of what?

A

Renal calculi

44
Q

Which amino acids present in the urine may indicate severe liver disease?

A
    • Tyrosine,
    • Leucine
    • Cytosine
45
Q

When the report does not indicate what type of epithelial cells was found what type is generally assumed?

A

Squamous

46
Q

Renal epithelial cells present in the urine may indicate what?

A

Kidney disease

47
Q

If bacteria and epithelial cells are present without any other findings indicating infection (no WBC’s, no mucous or nitrites) what may be indicated?

A

Contamination (especially vaginal)

48
Q

RBC blood casts come from what?

A

Upper urinary tract bleeding

49
Q

WBC blood casts come from what?

A

Upper UTI (pyelonephritis)

50
Q

A very low specific gravity to the urine may indicate what?

A

The kidney is not functioning properly

51
Q

Pyelonephritis is an infection of what part of the kidney?

A

Interstitium

52
Q

A milky coloring of the urine urine may indicate what?

A

Hyperlipidemia

53
Q

Proteins are usually present with what type of UTI?

A

Upper UTI

54
Q

Pubic pain is usually present with what type of UTI?

A

Lower UTI

55
Q

Casts are not usually present with what type of UTI?

A

Lower UTI

56
Q

Flank pain is usually associated with what type of UTI?

A

Lower UTI

57
Q

Glitter cells might indicate what?

A

UTI

58
Q

Waxy, broad and fatty casts might indicate what?

A

Chronic renal failure

Visceral Disorders COPY (Frontier) (10 decks)

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