Geogrpahy Extra Work Flashcards
What are the two main rock types and give examples of each
Hard rock-granite
Soft rock-clay
Give one example of a concordant coastline
Dorset coastline
covet cliffs
What is soft rock and hard rock out of headlands and bays
Headlands are hard rock
Bays are soft rock
How many types of rock are at concordant coastlines
One
How many types of rock are at discordant coastlines
Multiple
How does a wave cut platform form
The wave erodes a cliff, hydraulic action occurs and abrasion occurs. The erosion happens between low tide and high tide. This creates a wave cut notch. The rock above the cliff is unsupported, the cliff collapses leaving a gently sloping platform. The wave now erodes the new cliff line and a wave cut notch is formed, again it collapses and the wave cut platform increases in width.
What is a concordant coastline
A concordant coastline is where one rock type is parallel to the sea usually there are cliffs
Name three ways rocks erode at sea
Solution, attrition hydraulic action
What is hydraulic action
When a wave breaks against the cliff, water is forced into cracks and makes cracks bigger, repeats until large amounts break off
What is abrasion
When waves break and the rocks are throws against the cliffs
What is solutiom
Acids in sea water dissolve rocks
What is attrition
Waves cause rocks to smash into each other and become smaller and more rounded
Name two hard engineering processes to protect the beach
Groynes and sea wall
Give characteristics of summer waves
Adds sediment to beach
Stronger swash than backwash
Not very frequent long wavelength
Give characteristics of winter waves
High wave height
Short wavelength
Plunging waves down
Takes sediment from beach
