4.8 – Flood risk and management

Question 1

Why is river flood risk increasing?

Answer 1

Air temperature is rising due to climate change, it has warmed 1 degree in the past 100 years. Warm air holds more moisture every one degree can hold 7% more moisture this leads to more rain. Extreme storms are now 40% more likely due to these points. The location of the jet stream now sits over the U.K ,due to artic warming more storms are brought.

Question 2

Compare how soft and hard engineering schemes work

Answer 2

Soft engineering schemes work with nature whereas hard engineering works against nature.

Question 3

hard engineering schemes positive and negative

Answer 3

Gronyes- builds up beaches
£100,000 per km
Sea wall- reflects wave energy out to sea
Looks ugly

Question 4

Soft engineering schemes positive and negative

Answer 4

Beach nourishment- absorbs water, looks natural
Sand is expensive
Slope stabilisation- keeps cliff in place, reduces mass movement
Difficult to install, up to one million per slope.